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| Practice | Description | Categories | Characteristics | Base Score | Case Study Locations |
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Date Added/Edited | ||
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| Create and follow a sustainable vision/mission statement. | Developing a sustainability mission/vision statement should be a useful exercise that demonstrates the benefits of sustainability to stakeholders, airport leadership, employees, and the public. The mission/vision statement should focuses on local priorities and airport-specific interests, not generic or wordy sustainability verbiage. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | Northeast Florida Regional Airport (SGJ), Saint Augustine, Florida | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Require that all developers, contractors, and tenants have and follow a corporate sustainability policy. | Encouraging corporate sustainability policies for all consultants/tenants increases the likelihood that organizations will have implemented their own internal energy efficiency measures. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,1;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop or adopt sustainability guidelines and metrics. | The use of airport-specific sustainability guidelines and metrics will assist an airport operator in tracking, measuring, and reducing water and energy use, waste, reliance on non-renewable materials, and air and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions related to airport administration, planning, design, construction, operations and maintenance. An airport operator may develop and mandate the use of sustainability guidelines that include performance standards that consistently encourage or require more techniques that reduce GHG emissions, water and energy use, waste, etc. for various types of projects (e.g., capital, tenant, horizontal, vertical, etc.). An airport operator may consider the following when developing guidelines and metrics: • Develop a vision statement to focus the guidelines and metrics; • Develop airport-specific goals to be achieved through the guidelines and metrics; • Approval, encouragement and consensus from upper management and other stakeholders at the airport (e.g., operations and maintenance department, planning department, airside and landside operations, etc.), which is crucial to the success of the guidelines and metrics; • Consideration of the scope of the guidelines, which includes the types of projects the guidelines would apply to (i.e., horizontal or vertical development) and what specific sustainability measures would be the focus of the guidelines (e.g., energy management, waste management, planning and design phases, construction phase, etc. or all of the above); and • A process to implement the guidelines and metrics. Once the intent of the guidelines and metrics is determined, an airport operator may begin the development of specific performance standards. Resources airport operators may consult include the Sustainable Aviation Resource Guide and database from the Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance (SAGA), which is a coalition of aviation stakeholders that formed to assist airport operators in planning, implementing, and maintaining a sustainability program (www.airportsustainability.org). The guide and database include airport-specific performance standards that can be tailored to the unique requirements of individual airports of all sizes, climates, and regions in the United States. Other resources that may be used include existing airport guidelines, such as: the Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA) Sustainable Airport Planning, Design and Construction Guidelines; the Chicago Department of Aviation's Sustainable Airport Manual; and Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport) Sustainable Design Standards and Guidelines. Airport-specific performance standards may include horizontal design and construction standards and airside-specific standards. The U.S. Green Building Council’s (USGBC®) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design New Construction & Major Renovation (LEED-NC®) and Existing Buildings (LEED-EB®) green building rating systems are good resources in the development of vertical projects. The Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure’s (ISI) EnvisionTM Rating System provides a holistic framework for evaluating and rating the community, environmental, and economic benefits of all types and sizes of infrastructure projects. Capital costs may vary widely depending on what resources are used in the development of the guidelines and metrics. There are many existing documents for airport operators to use as references in the development of their own guidelines and metrics. The payback period would depend on the method an airport operator used in the development of the guidelines and metrics. The direct payback from the implementation of the guidelines may be minimal. Cost savings are reflected in the implementation of the performance standards (e.g., energy savings, water conservation, etc.) and creating sustainable projects. Once the airport operator integrates the guidelines and metrics into existing programs and processes, the annual operations and maintenance costs may be minimal. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,2;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,2 | Port Authority of New York & New Jersey (PANYNJ), New York, New York Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), Los Angeles, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Brand, track, certify, manage, and market sustainable initiatives using an airport-specific sustainability logo (i.e., place on green vehicles, recycling bins, and other airport signage). | A specific sustainability logo can help to connect various sustainability initiatives from a public relations standpoint. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,2;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,1 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop or adopt a sustainability project rating and award recognition program. | Provide rewards (certificates of achievement, financial incentives, etc.) for contractors who substantially exceed sustainability goals. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop a sustainability recognition program for airport business partners. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), New York, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Use standardized tracking forms and guidelines to document all sustainable construction activities. | Regular collection and review of the backup documentation required for verification of sustainable practices is critical to the success of sustainable certification programs, such as LEED certification. Utilizing standardized forms and guidelines improves the efficiency of contractors in collecting and submitting documentation and in the internal review of submittals for compliance with requirements. Internal trainings and staff transitions are also smoother when a standardized process is in place. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Tie contractor/vendor sustainability submittals and documentation of sustainable practices to payments (e.g., tie construction contractor green equipment and fuel use logs to monthly payments). | Regular collection and review of the backup documentation required for verification of sustainable practices is critical to the success of sustainable certification programs, such as LEED certification. When supporting documentation is verified as the project progresses, the project has an easier time achieving high levels of performance and reduces the amount of time and effort spent later in trying to verify already installed products. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Require regular sustainability progress reports at several stages throughout the design and construction process at project start-up, interim milestones, project substantial completion, and close-out. | For example, progress reports can be required at project conception in the project design document (PDD). Other stages include quarterly or at 30 percent, 60 percent, 90 percent, and 100 percent milestones. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and implement an Environmental Management System (EMS) to track progress in improving environmental performance. | An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a management structure that helps organizations achieve environmental goals through a systematic approach toward regulatory compliance as well as sustainability issues such as energy and water management. An EMS allows organizations to clearly articulate regulatory requirements and voluntary goals, track compliance and progress, and manage data through an electronic database. This systematic approach can help reduce the risk of non-compliance, improve health and safety practices for employees and the public, enhance transparency about environmental practices, and support continuous improvement. An EMS can be tailored to meet the specific requirements and goals that apply to an organization, and does not imply that a particular level of achievement must be attained. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Mixed Hot and Cold | Military | General Aviation | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,4;8,4;9,3 | Reno-Tahoe International Airport | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop and follow a Sustainable Management Plan or Sustainable Airport Master Plan. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Tie sustainability goals and objectives into the operations and maintenance and capital improvement program budget process. | Organizations often need to operate within the confines of aging infrastructure in need of repair, replacement or expansion. A Capital Improvement Program (CIP) is a planning tool to forecast spending over a set period of time and thereby match projected revenues and major capital needs. The CIP is a statement of the organization’s policies and financial abilities to manage the physical development of the plan. It enables organizations to direct limited resources to high priority assets, sustain the long-term mission delivery capability of their asset portfolio, while achieving sustainability mandates. Capital planning is therefore an important management tool that strengthens the linkages between infrastructure needs and the financial capacity of an organization and is a strategic way of incorporating current and future sustainability goals. The development of a CIP provides a systematic plan for providing infrastructure improvements within a prioritized framework. High-performance capital improvement projects save energy, increase the comfort, health and safety of users, and help steward valuable environmental resources. At airports specifically, an effective operations and maintenance and CIP needs to sustain the airport, and meet the future needs of airlines, cargo operators, and the traveling public. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Military | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,2;5,1;6,1;7,4;8,4;9,4 | San Diego International Airport (SAN) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Include a sustainability training requirement in all bid documents. | As major users of diverse goods and services, airport operators have the opportunity to drive sustainability performance improvements at airports through the integration of new language in contracts and bid documents. There are many different types of airport contracts, and each one provides an opportunity to insert language that drives airport environmental sustainability. All contract types can be leveraged by airport operators to improve compliance with environmental law, fulfill permit requirements, drive innovative sustainable improvements, minimize and manage environmental impacts.###Regular collection and review of the supporting documentation required for verification of sustainable practices is critical to the success of sustainable certification programs, such as LEED certification. By including sustainability training requirements in bid documentations, contractors are aware upfront of the overall sustainable goals of the airport. This training improves the overall efficiency of the team in collection, analyzing, and complying with the various sustainable requirements applicable to their scope. Thru incorporating sustainable training early in projects, the project has added confidence in the ability to achieve a sustainable certification if pursued. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Integrate sustainability language and requirements into airport contracts. | As major users of diverse goods and services, airport operators have the opportunity to drive sustainability performance improvements at airports through the integration of new language in contracts. There are many different types of airport contracts, and each one provides an opportunity to insert language that drives airport environmental sustainability. All contract types can be leveraged by airport operators to improve compliance with environmental law, fulfill permit requirements, drive innovative sustainable improvements, minimize and manage environmental impacts. The airport contract types that provide the most opportunity to make a difference to an airports sustainability performance include: design and construction contracts, concessions and tenant lease agreements, and janitorial service contracts. For example, sustainability and environmental requirements (e.g. waste separation, energy saving, etc.) should be included in Tenant Lease Contract Amendments. Sustainable practices may include operational requirements and/or new building construction requirements to encourage/require tenants to become involved, and to understand the importance of the airport"s sustainability program. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Clearly define sustainable design goals in requests for qualifications (RFQs), requests for proposals (RFPs), and bid review criteria. | Regular collection and review of the backup documentation required for verification of sustainable practices is critical to the success of sustainable certification programs, such as LEED certification. Requiring sustainability training for all contractors improves the overall efficiency of teams contractors collecting and submitting required documentation, utilizing standardized processes/forms. By employing these individuals to review practices, the project has added confidence in the ability to achieve a sustainable certification, if pursued. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Include sustainable practices in the airport’s Minimum Operating Standards. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Scottsdale Airport (SCF), Scottsdale, Arizona | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Urge state and local legislative authorities to adopt laws that support sustainability and remove barriers to sustainability practices. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Apply for national, state, and local grants to support the implementation of sustainable practices. | Government funding can decrease qualified project paybacks. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Support the development of alternative fuels for aircraft. | Airlines and aircraft manufacturers are developing alternative fuels for aircraft, mostly consisting of biofuels, to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Tests for a particular biofuel blend, PROSENE, began as early as the 1980s. Some alternative aircraft fuels can be used without any changes or retrofits to the aircraft. In addition, in 2006 the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) was established and has sought to enhance energy security and environmental sustainability for aviation by exploring the use of alternative jet fuels. CAAFI is a coalition of airlines, aircraft and engine manufacturers, energy producers, researchers, international participants and U.S. government agencies. Together these stakeholders are leading the development and deployment of alternative jet fuels for commercial aviation. The goal of CAAFI is to promote the development of alternative jet fuel options that offer equivalent levels of safety and compare favorably on cost with petroleum based jet fuel, while also offering environmental improvement and security of energy supply for aviation. The field of alternative aircraft fuels is rapidly changing, and these fuels may represent a large share of the aircraft fuel market in the next five to ten years. As the industry transitions to alternative aircraft fuels, test flights and pilot programs with these fuels will become more common. An airport operator may promote and participate in these pilot programs to reduce GHG emissions. A successful pilot program for alternative fuels for aircraft will not only reduce GHG emissions at the participating airport, but will progress the industry towards greater use of alternative fuels, thereby reducing GHG emissions around the world. An airport operator may consider several factors to determine if their airport is a good candidate for the use of alternative aircraft fuels. Considerations include remaining competitive in future air travel markets, complying with PM2.5 regulations with airport growth (alternative aircraft fuels reduce PM2.5), and increasing flexibility and reliability of fuel sources. It may also be important to consider whether relationships with the local agriculture industry, fuel refineries and fuel suppliers will facilitate the use of alternative fuels. To support the development and use of alternative aircraft fuels an airport operator may also examine the airport's policies and fueling procedures, and remove any hurdles which an airline might encounter in attempting a trial test of an alternative aircraft fuel. An operator may consider incentivizing airlines that conduct trials in alternative aircraft fuels. For example, an operator may provide a tenant fee discount proportional to the percentage of alternative fuel in the fuel mixture used by an airline for a trial. In addition, an airport operator may broach the subject of testing and/or developing alternative aircraft fuels through meetings or awareness training. An airport operator may also participate in industry activities through trade organizations or the Transportation Research Board focused on developing alternative fuels for aircraft. It is recommended that the airport operator contact CAAFI to determine the best path forward. Engagement with the FAA will also be critical for the success of such a program. Establishing policies to promote alternative aircraft trials may vary in cost. In many cases, the additional cost for participating in a trial of alternative fuels for aircraft will be covered by the airline. However, if an airport operator implements policies to incentivize an airline for participating in trials, by reducing tenant fees for example, then the operator will incur a greater cost. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Port of Portland, Oregon KLM Royal Dutch Airlines NEIVA Aircraft Construction Company Virgin Atlantic Airlines | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Maintain regular discourse with federal, state and local air management agencies to be aware of plans and timelines affecting the airport, including State Implementation Plan development and air emiss | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Pursue U.S. Green Building Council LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Certification or equivalent (e.g., BREEAM, DGNB, GreenStar, etc.). | An airport operator may develop a policy to require green building certification or to use green building certification programs as a standard to design sustainable buildings. Examples of green building certification programs include the United States Green Building Council's (USGBC's) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, the AI 20/30 Challenge, and the California Green Solutions program. These programs provide guidance for design and construction teams to select sustainable design components and sustainable construction techniques that result in buildings with a smaller environmental footprint, including reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, than traditional buildings. LEED rating systems address the following types of projects: new construction and major renovation; core and shell; schools; retail; healthcare; commercial interiors; existing buildings operations and maintenance; homes; and neighborhood development. LEED applies to buildings, but not necessarily to all types of airport facilities. Some airports may be required to follow LEED due to city or state policies. LEED rating system categories include: • BD+C: LEED for Building Design and Construction • ID+C: LEED for Interior Design and Construction • O+M: LEED for Building Operations and Maintenance • ND: LEED for Neighborhood Development • Homes: LEED for Homes Airports around the country are constructing LEED-certified or LEED-certifiable facilities, and are renovating existing facilities in accordance with LEED. Some airports do not go through the formal LEED certification process due to the fees associated with the process, but still choose to build facilities following LEED principles. Capital costs for an airport operator to develop this policy may vary depending on the resources used. The implementation cost will also vary depending on the size and type of the project seeking green building certification, but will be substantially higher than the cost of policy development. Reports of estimated green building premium range from 2 to 10 percent depending on the level of certification. Return on investment for LEED certification will vary based on the credits that were pursued to achieve LEED certification. Investments in building energy efficiency will have a short to moderate payback, although this also depends on the specific energy efficiency measures implemented. Estimated annual O&M costs for the continued implementation of the LEED certified facility will likely be similar to a traditional building. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,4;8,4;9,2 | Boston-Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts Bob Hope Airport (BUR), Burbank, California San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Require a U.S. Green Building Council LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) or equivalent building standard and green operating commitment from non-airport controlled buildings that are undergoing construction activities, including renovations. | Achieving a sustainable building certification signifies the airport"s overall commitment to the environment and can have lasting impacts on the overall performance of the facility. Non-airport controlled facilities, such as tenant suites, should be encourage to pursue sustainable certification under the rating system/program most applicable to their project type. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,4;8,4;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use the Envision™ rating system to assess the sustainability performance of airport infrastructure projects and development programs. | Envision™ is a rating system that provides a holistic framework for evaluating the community, environmental, and economic benefits of all types and sizes of infrastructure projects. Use Envision™ to evaluate, grade, and give recognition to infrastructure projects and assess the sustainability indicators over the course of the project's life cycle. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,1;7,3;8,3;9,3 | San Diego International Airport (SAN), San Diego, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Adopt the Global Reporting Initiative"s Sustainability Reporting Framework, following their Airport Operations Sector Supplement. | Using a broadly accepted framework like GRI helps airports track sustainability performance better against their peers | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,1;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Publish an internal and external airport-wide sustainability report. | Expectations that long-term profitability should go hand-in-hand with social justice and protecting the environment are gaining ground. These expectations are only set to increase and intensify as the need to move to a truly sustainable economy is understood by companies’ and organizations’ financiers, customers and other stakeholders. Sustainability reporting helps organizations to set goals, measure performance, and manage change in order to make their operations more sustainable. A sustainability report conveys disclosures on an organization’s impacts – be they positive or negative – on the environment, society and the economy. In doing so, sustainability reporting makes abstract issues tangible and concrete, thereby assisting in understanding and managing the effects of sustainability developments on the organization’s activities and strategy. Internal benefits for companies and organizations can include: • Increased understanding of risks and opportunities • Emphasizing the link between financial and non-financial performance • Influencing long term management strategy and policy, and business plans • Streamlining processes, reducing costs and improving efficiency • Benchmarking and assessing sustainability performance with respect to laws, norms, codes, performance standards, and voluntary initiatives • Avoiding being implicated in publicized environmental, social and governance failures • Comparing performance internally, and between organizations and sectors External benefits of sustainability reporting can include: • Mitigating – or reversing – negative environmental, social and governance impacts • Improving reputation and brand loyalty • Enabling external stakeholders to understand the organization’s true value, and tangible and intangible assets • Demonstrating how the organization influences, and is influenced by, expectations about sustainable development. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,2;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,3 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop a communication plan to report on sustainability performance that includes social media posts, website information, commercial advertisement in the terminals, stakeholder presentations, etc. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and implement an air quality improvement program. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport San Francisco International Airport | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Prepare an airport-wide greenhouse gas emissions inventory. | Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from aviation impact the global climate. While airports may contribute less to the overall aviation related climate change impacts, it is important to identify the GHG emission sources associated with construction, operations, and maintenance of the airport. This information serves to identify potential mitigation options and to inform regulators, authorities and any other stakeholders. Given that an airport is a system rather than just a single entity, all sources associated with this system need to be accounted for in the inventory. Use of available guidance and recommendations (e.g., through the GHG-Protocol) assist with the preparation of the inventory and ensures consistency and harmonization across the industry. At a minimum level, airports should prepare a GHG emission inventory for the sources they own themselves (Scope 1) and for purchased energy (electricity, heat, cold: Scope 2). At a more advanced level, airports should report on the emissions within the broader scope of their activity which includes all airport related activity (e.g., aircraft operations, aircraft handling, airside traffic, and landside access traffic). | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,2 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Conduct an emissions inventory for all projected construction activities. | An emissions inventory will help you identify the largest sources of potential emissions which can then be the focus of any emission reduction efforts. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,1;4,2;5,3;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and implement an Asset or Infrastructure Management Plan. | An asset management plan (AMP) incorporates a systematic and coordinated set of activities and practices through which an organization optimally and sustainably manages its assets and asset systems, their associated performance, and risks and expenditures over their lifecycles. Typically, an AMP will take a whole-system approach, covering more than a single asset. An AMP is a framework being widely adopted as a means to achieve sustainable infrastructure and minimize the total cost of owning and operating this infrastructure, while delivering the desired service levels. Infrastructure asset management tends to focus specifically on the physical, rather than financial assets. Generally, an AMP covers the following areas: i) asset system description; ii) standard of service definition; iii) current asset performance; iv) planned actions; v) costs; vi) benefits; and vii) potential improvements. The benefits of asset management may include: • Prolonging asset life and aiding in rehabilitation, repair and replacement decisions through; efficient and focused operations and maintenance • Meeting consumer demands with a focus on system sustainability; • Setting rates based on sound operational and financial planning; • Budgeting focused on activities critical to sustained performance; • Meeting service expectations and regulatory requirements; • Improving responses to emergencies; • Improving the security and safety of assets; and • Reducing overall costs for both operations and capital expenditures. Experience from other industries shows that an AMP enables airports to do more with less and to make better investment decisions, align managers, decision makers, and workers to a common purpose. This results in solutions and decisions that result in the best economic, service level, and risk exposure outcomes, and improve flexibility to respond to changes in the regulatory and commercial environment. The forecast continued growth in passenger and cargo traffic indicates a continued long-term need for capacity expansion. Compounding this with the ongoing need to meet standards and manage aging infrastructure, there is an ongoing challenge for airport executives to secure funding and ensure financial and service-level sustainability in the long term. Airport management may therefore benefit from an overarching asset management framework to be able to respond to changes in the environmental, regulatory, and economic environment and to identify and manage the entire airport asset portfolio to continue to meet service level standards in the face of change. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;4,1;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,3 | Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop and implement a Pavement Management Plan. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform a pre-NEPA (National Environmental Policy Act) analysis of environmental resource categories as part of planning efforts. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a Cultural Resources Management Plan (CRMP) to guide the treatment and identification of cultural resources. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop an Unanticipated Discovery Plan that establishes a response framework for the environmental manager in the event unanticipated finds are discovered. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Complete a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention Opportunity Assessment. | Pollution prevention is the process of reducing or preventing pollution at the source through changes in production, operation, and materials use. Pollution prevention can result in reduced materials usage, pollution control, and liability costs. It can also help protect the environment and may reduce risks to worker health and safety. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and implement a Risk Management System according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 31000 Risk Management Principles and Guidelines. | ISO 31000:2009, Risk Management Principles and Guidelines, provides principles, a framework, and a process for managing risk. It can be used by any organization regardless of its size, activity or sector. Using ISO 31000 can help organizations increase the likelihood of achieving objectives, improve the identification of opportunities and threats and effectively allocate and use resources for risk treatment. ISO 31000 cannot be used for certification purposes but does provide guidance for internal or external audit programs. Organizations using it can compare their risk management practices with an internationally recognized benchmark, providing sound principles for effective management and corporate governance. It is intended that ISO 31000:2009 be utilized to harmonize risk management processes in existing and future standards. It provides a common approach in support of standards dealing with specific risks and/or sectors, and does not replace those standards. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,2;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use the ""Total Cost Assessment"" (TCA) tool to incorporate the costs and savings associated with environmental considerations as a key part of business decisions. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a rolling (e.g., 15-year) capital expenditures (CAPEX) Roadmap that shows the annual capital demand for all capital development projects. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Establish a sustainability budget to fund sustainability projects. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish a sustainability oversight committee or ""Green Team"" to guide, direct, and evaluate the integration of sustainability practices. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Create a "sustainability manager" position and/or an "office of sustainability." | Coordinating sustainability efforts across multiple areas of airport operations helps to reduce duplication of effort and allows for ideas and best practices to better flow between departments. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Establish a sustainability liaison to the airport sponsor for all design, construction, operations, maintenance, and tenant activities. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a sustainable review panel that includes designers, engineers, construction managers, and contractors to facilitate submittals and review documentation. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish a regular meeting schedule to discuss sustainability progress with construction and maintenance contractors, tenants, airlines, local regulators, and/or national civil aviation administratio | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Plan for annual meetings at times of the year when temperatures are less extreme to reduce energy consumption due to the use of air conditioning/heat. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Post sustainable meeting best practices in meeting rooms and on internet and intranet sites. | Meeting hosts should consider the following when planning for a meeting: Reduce the number of copies produced by: sharing meeting materials; digitizing materials and distributing presentations via email prior to meetings; and/or placing materials on the wall (one large print or presented with projector equipment). If handouts are needed at the meeting, produce handouts: locally; double-sided; using high post-consumer recycled content paper; using chlorine-free paper; using vegetable-based inks if available for type of printing; and/or printing in draft mode (using less ink). For exhibits and presentation materials (in addition to the above): reuse display boards, utilizing both front and back sides; use low-emitting materials for exhibit displays; and recycle cardboard and other packaging materials. Contact the expected meeting participants ahead of time and present them with the option of a video/phone conference, if appropriate. Costs associated with technical support may still be less than travel/fuel costs in some cases. If travel cannot be avoided, provide incentives for carpooling/car sharing; provide attendees with mass transit options, including directions; encourage walking and biking by selecting accessible venues, including directions; and/or suggesting hotels nearest the meeting venue that are the most environmentally friendly (www.greenhotels.com). Consider moving the meeting to the hotel if majority of participants are staying at the same hotel, reducing the need for transportation to and from the hotel. Serve drinks from pitchers, reusable utensils and dishes, and request local produce to cut down on waste when catering for large groups. Plan for the pick-up and compost or donation of leftover food to reduce waste. Plan for annual meetings at times of the year when temperatures are less extreme to reduce energy consumption due to the use of air conditioning/heat. For off-site meetings: ensure meeting locations accommodate opportunities for recycling; recycle newspapers, cans, and glass, including those from your guest room, in marked containers in the conference area; participate in the hotel"s water, energy, and detergent conservation efforts by following the instructions posted in the room; note the conference"s efforts to reduce the use of paper by limiting conference handouts at registration, using folders or handouts printed on high post-consumer recycled content paper, using vegetable-based ink, and encouraging presenters to limit handouts; and thank the hotel or off-site location host for providing recycling opportunities, reusable utensils and dishes for breaks, etc. When the conference/meeting/workshop is over: collect reusable business card holders/name tags in a bin after last meeting; collect presentation materials that are not needed by the attendees that can be donated to local schools, reused or recycled; have attendees fill out an online survey allowing for feedback about the meeting and vendors for future reference and improvement; follow up after the meeting with participants to share green success stories and lessons-learned including statistics from the meeting, such as quantities of recycled materials; and include a summary document that provides details of the green meeting. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Integrate various airport departments and functions to promote sustainability goals, including planning and design, operations and maintenance, procurement, real estate, and legal. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize electronic visual aids instead of paper where appropriate to facilitate discussion in sustainability meetings. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use zero-emission or low-emitting materials for exhibit displays. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Reuse display boards; utilize both front and back sides. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct meetings outdoors when appropriate to take advantage of natural light and fresh air. | Natural light and fresh air have physiological and psycological impacts on human wellbeing which may possibly improve productivity. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Create an electronic library/central depository for viewing project information to reduce paperwork. | File sharing sites can dramatically reduce printing costs for large organizations like airports. This may be a viable option if you currenlty have server space available and the appropriate IT support. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Create an "environmental handbook for tenants" that includes emergency contact numbers, policies, reporting requirements, spill response, procedures for handling international waste and managing and disposing of materials | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Assign team members to obtain a U.S. Green Building Council LEED professional credential (e.g., LEED Accredited Professional (AP) with specialty or LEED Green Associate) or similar credential. | A LEED professional credential signifies an active participant in the green building movement who contributes expertise to the design, construction, operations and maintenance of buildings that save energy, use fewer resources, reduce pollution, and contribute to healthier environments for their occupants and the community. With new jobs specifying the need for expertise in LEED, the LEED professional credential helps underscore value to LEED project teams and sustainability-focused organizations. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Encourage construction field personnel, project architects and engineers, contractors, project supervisors, and trades people to achieve American National Standards Institute accredited Green Advantag | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide training opportunities for U.S. Green Building Council LEED Accredited Professionals and American Institute of Architects (AIA) professionals to obtain continuing education hours. | A LEED professional credential signifies an active participant in the green building movement who contributes expertise to the design, construction, operations and maintenance of buildings that save energy, use fewer resources, reduce pollution, and contribute to healthier environments for their occupants and the community. By providing opportunities to maintain these credentials, professionals stay current on the latest advances in the sustainable building construction and operation industry. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Assign a U.S. Green Building Council LEED Accredited Professional (AP) to review sustainable concepts and practices with project team members including green building planning, design, construction, operations, and maintenance. | A LEED professional credential signifies an active participant in the green building movement who contributes expertise to the design, construction, operations and maintenance of buildings that save energy, use fewer resources, reduce pollution, and contribute to healthier environments for their occupants and the community. By employing these individuals to review practices, the project has added confidence in the ability to achieve a sustainable certification, if pursued. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,2;7,2;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Sponsor local community projects that showcase sustainability efforts such as recycling days and tree plantings. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop working relationships/partnerships with community groups; community leadership; local businesses; and local, regional, and/or national environmental organizations. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Solicit feedback on a particular project from local community leaders. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Issue a newsletter to local residents, businesses, libraries, and the city hall that discusses construction progress, airport updates, events, facts, and/or other information. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide airport internships in administrative and technical areas (e.g., business administration, information technology (IT), car mechanic, electrician, landscaping, etc.), focusing on low-income and | Provide for and support internship participation and educational programs, focusing programs on low-income and diverse populations. The internship and educational programs should include a sustainability component. Internship programs are an opportunity for students to develop their skills while gaining first-hand experience. Internships can be offered for undergraduate and/or graduate students in a variety of disciplines, including the fields of aviation, planning and development, engineering, accounting and finance, communications and marketing, labor relations, security services, information technology, public policy, and law. The specific focus of internships and their compensation (paid or unpaid) will depend on the airport’s needs and whether or not students are able to receive college credit. Opportunities for partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (or similar civil aviation authority) may be available. Internships and educational programs provide a way for the airport to give back to the community. In return, internships provide the airport the ability to screen potential entry-level employees and improve the candidate pool for future job openings. Interns are less-expensive and can also provide the airport with additional resources during peak seasons when the airport is busier. Student internships can provide low-income populations the skills necessary to succeed after graduation. Additionally, students may bring new perspectives and ideas, which could help boost an airport’s sustainability program. Marginal capital costs would be required to implement this initiative, as the effort is primarily in staff time. There is no direct payback associated with this practice and there would be low to no operations and maintenance costs. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Jacksonville Aviation Authority (JAA), Jacksonville, Florida Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) San Diego International Airport (SAN), San Diego, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a ""help desk""/""welcome center"" information table where volunteers help answer questions, provide assistance with lost luggage, offer brochures of local attractions, pass out freebies, showcase | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Arrange for space in public and private (i.e., tenant) areas for sustainability displays and awareness training. | Awareness education can inform the public and improve public perception of the airport"s sustainabiilty initiatives. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Create an interactive multimedia display (e.g., website or kiosk) that would engage and educate visitors about the sustainable aspects of completed projects and/or airport operations. | This marketing effort would help promote the overall brand of the airport and reflects positively on its operations. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Create short, easy to understand video-clips that explain various elements of airport operations and sustainability for display in terminals and/or on the internet ("Airport-TV"). | This marketing effort would help promote the overall brand of the airport and reflects positively on its operations. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide construction information kiosks at the airport. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Coordinate with local schools to arrange for field trips or educational presentations on airport and aviation related issues. | Coordinate with local schools, with an emphasis on schools with disadvantaged populations, to provide educational programs or educational presentations on airport and aviation related issues. Educational programs could include field trips for local schools (to the airport), classroom volunteers, and programs to support Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) educational objectives. Providing airport tours and teaching students about airport activities can help schools to reach STEM goals. Local school sponsorship and support is an excellent way for airports to engage with their local communities and to be a good neighbor, particularly to communities impacted by airport activities. The airport can also reach out to less privileged schools in the region. Support includes in-classroom volunteering and educational presentations on airport related issues and providing financial support for school projects. Airport sponsorship of schools can enhance community relations and will foster the growth and development of local youth. This practice is primarily staff intensive, with minimal capital costs required to implement. There is no direct payback benefit to this practice and the practice requires minimal ongoing costs to maintain. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide narrated tours of the airport to demonstrate sustainability achievements and specific installations (e.g., solar panels). | Can be provided for either groups upon registration or individuals upon a specific program. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and provide free, internet accessible learning material and tutorials for public schools on the topics of aviation and environment/sustainability. | Press releases, learning materials, case studies, and other materials on aviation and the environment are primarily geared towards the adult public and are not well known by the younger generation nor discussed in public schools. Yet, interest in aviation and the environment may be high already at the school level. Providing learning material and tutorials at different grade school levels for teachers enhances public perception, demonstrates stakeholder and community engagement, and delivers correct facts and figures. Such tutorials can be distributed for free to avoid issues of affordability. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Participate in a mentorship program with a local school where airport employees build special connections with students by reading, playing games, and sharing experiences in a supportive learning envi | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport, Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Partner with local conservation groups to restore native habitat. | As part of an effort to restore a native habitat, coordinate and partner with governmental agencies, local conservation groups, and other partners for guidance and expertise. This collaborative effort will help facilitate a successful restoration, with coordination and monitoring the implementation of a program. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,2;5,3;6,3;7,2;8,4;9,4 | O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Host a seminar open to the community and/or other stakeholders that provides education on the airport, aviation, and sustainability-related topics (separate from the required public hearing). | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a ""Speaker’s Bureau"" where airport representatives report the airport's sustainability accomplishments to local communities and determine points of collaboration for future practices. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Serve as a guest lecturer at a university, speaking to students and faculty (live or via teleconference) about airport sustainability initiatives. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Partner with universities and research centers to evaluate, demonstrate, and commercialize new airport sustainability practices. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Administer and/or contribute to a scholarship fund that supports education, sustainability, and aviation. | Scholarship funds are a good way to train the next generation of aviation leaders. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Distribute press releases regarding specific airport projects and sustainability accomplishments. | For example, publish water usage statistics and water conservation goals in a sustainability press release. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Work with municipalities to prevent incompatible land uses. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide transportation to public meetings. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure that public meetings are at varied times (day/evening) and at varied locations. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide child care during public meetings. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide a foreign language translator, a sign language translator, and/or equipment for handicapped/disadvantaged attendees during land acquisition processes, public meetings, and similar events. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Hold press conferences and issue press releases in conjunction with construction changes and milestones. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Indicate sustainability goals in all interactions with the public for all design and construction projects. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Produce training materials, flyers, and press releases in languages other than English that will reach local minority or ethnic groups in the community. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and implement a 'Periodicals for Education' program, collecting magazines, newspapers, and books from international passengers and donating them to educational facilities that teach foreign la | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Donate airplane passenger headphones, blankets and pillows to homeless shelters and/or charity organizations. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Ronald McDonald House | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide the public with live data on the performance of airport alternative renewable energy systems. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Partner with community leaders to provide incentives and/or establish foreign trade zones that would attract new clean businesses and educational institutions to the community. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Offer a free roadway advertisement/sponsorship, or a reduced advertisement fee, for tenants or community groups who clean up an airport roadway environment. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Coordinate informal meetings with the mayors of neighboring cities to discuss airport projects, sustainability, and other general information. | Engaging local stakeholders can improve public perception and serve as a positive avenue to receive feedback on many attributes of airport operations. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Detail current and anticipated sustainability practices on airport and local municipality websites and provide an opportunity for community input. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide job experience and income by operating an on-airport apiary (beehives) to sell honey and honey-based products. | An airport apiary program can provide job experience and a source of income to formerly incarcerated or other disadvantaged individuals, transforming vacant, undeveloped airport property into a functioning apiary that provides economic, social, and environmental benefits. Beekeeping can provide a source of revenue from the processing and sale of honey and honey-based products that could be made available for purchase at the airport. An on-airport apiary can also help replenish bee populations, which have plummeted over the past decade because of parasites and dramatic temperature fluctuations. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,3;7,2;8,2;9,4 | O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use a community volunteer "airport rangers" equestrian program and/or "airport watch" aircraft plane spotting program to monitor suspicious activity, perimeter fencing, wildlife activity, and foreign | Airport Rangers are mounted security patrol made up of volunteers, including off-duty law enforcement officers that ride their horses along the perimeter of the airport. In return for keeping an eye out for and reporting any suspicious activity in the area, equestrians have a pristine location, including wooded trails to ride and the airport has extra eyes and ears in areas that most security patrols cannot easily access. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,2;4,2;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,2 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Establish an archery-only deer hunting program on airport property. | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Allegheny County Airport Authority/Pittsburgh International Airport | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Schedule mobile food trucks to provide service in the cell phone waiting lot. | Encourages use of the cell phone lot and provides travelers, cab drivers, and airport employees unique dining options. | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,1;7,2;8,1;9,2 | Sacramento International Airport, Sacramento, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide designated public observation and photographer locations around the airport with a view to air traffic ("plane spotter locations"). | Include tower-to-pilot radio communication for aviation enthusiasts; could be coupled with an airport restaurant. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Host a ""Relay for Life"" or other walking event inside the terminal (during off-peak hours) to raise funds for a charity. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Establish an honor flight program with an airline where veterans are paid tribute to inside the airport and fly to a national memorial free of charge. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Organize an Airport Experience for Autistic Children and Adults where people with autism can practice entering the airport, obtaining boarding passes, checking bags, being screened at the security c | Not only is this a benefit to the families who participate, but it also provides a valuable training opportunity for airport, airline and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) personnel to learn how to accommodate children with special needs and increase awareness within the airport community so that children with autism and their families can have a positive travel experience. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,1;4,2;5,1;6,1;7,1;8,1;9,2 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Start an “Airport Explorers” program with local schools and children’s groups, such as the Boy and Girl Scouts, to allow children to explore airplane related jobs and functions. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | San Diego International Airport (SAN), San Diego, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Establish a social organization of airport partners (i.e., an ""Airport Managers Association"") for communicating, networking, and recreational outings that includes managers from the airlines, Transpor | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Sign a ""Sister Airport"" agreement with another airport outside the country to formalize a commitment to work collaboratively to strengthen air service, trade, tourism and cultural links. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Send holiday care packages/goodies to airport staff serving military duty. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Host an international airport delegation, providing a tour of airport facilities, briefings on construction projects and sustainability practices, and technical discussions on planning, engineering an | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Deliver gifts and goodie baskets to local families who need assistance and support during the holiday season (e.g., children's educational toys, games, blankets, bicycles and gift cards). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Host a airplane pull/tug-of-war competition to raise money for charity. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Use social media to promote the airport and its sustainability accomplishments, issue alerts, travel tips, traffic information, weather updates, flight cancellations, etc. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Create an airport float made of recycled materials for use in parades to promote teamwork, community, and resource conservation. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Recruit and train members of minority and women-owned businesses. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Link achievement of the organization"s sustainability goals to performance reviews of key personnel. | Could be part of an award recognition program. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Include sustainability responsibilities in job descriptions. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Include educational training on sustainability in periodic employee meetings. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide training on the airport's sustainable planning, design and construction guidelines, including their basis, the parties responsible for using the guidelines, and the sustainable rating system. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Incorporate objectives of Americans with Disabilities Act compliance and the accommodation of persons with special needs in the project planning phase so that any additional costs can be properly mana | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide sustainability awareness training programs, presentations, and/or meetings for employees, consultants, tenants, and contractors. | Discuss the airport"s definition of sustainability, the organization"s approach to sustainability, current initiatives, and the airport"s desired outcomes. Utilize these forums to capture ideas on how to further improve sustainability performance. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Conduct frequent employee performance reviews to ensure alignment of labor practice goals with business strategy. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct periodic employee satisfaction and engagement surveys (anonymous) on topics like work and job challenges, work-life-balance, workplace health, etc. | Employee satisfaction surveys may identify focus areas for further development. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop an employee retention and development plan consistent with the overall organizational goals. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish team-specific goals and objectives that support the airport's overall goals in an effort to keep employees engaged and committed. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Recognize employees for their achievements and outstanding performances through an award and recognition program that may include luncheons, team outings, and gift cards. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Measure and communicate changes in absenteeism of affected employees. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Measure and communicate user satisfaction with airport facilities. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install ""green"" suggestion boxes to obtain airport passenger and employee input and to identify any questions or concerns regarding existing sustainable practices. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop Labor Practice and Decent Work Indicators consistent with goals for employee development and maintaining a strong and viable work force. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require documented sustainability experience from contractors and subcontractors. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Communicate sustainability goals and requirements at pre-bid, bid, project start, update meetings, and review them at project closeout. | Integrating sustainability into the bid/build process helps to ensure that practices that promote sustainbility goals are followed | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Review sustainable building requirements in specifications with each contractor and subcontractor prior to commencement of work. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide leadership training for airport sustainability staff. | Providing leadership training for sustainability staff can empower these individuals to become change agents within their organization. Leadership training in general can help employees grow professionally and become more effective team members. Leadership training for key sustainability staff members can provide them with the knowledge and skills necessary to implement and facilitate sustainability initiatives. Change agents must be prepared to work within infrastructure, organizational, social, and individual systems. To be effective, sustainability leaders should amplify sustainability adopters and increase their visibility within an organization. Additionally, sustainability leaders must foster a culture of trust; creative and innovative ideas are more likely to materialize in an environment that respects open and honest dialogue. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,3 | Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Host a concession, airline, and/or department of aviation job opportunity fair. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Host an airport concessions workshop that includes an overview of the Request for Proposals (RFP) process, information on having a business at the airports, and an explanation on how to become certifi | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer voluntary, free language courses for employees (e.g., English aviation terms and common tourist languages). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer voluntary, free courses on using administrative software (presentation, document, and spreadsheet software). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Develop a 'Take Your Child to Work Day' Program that includes a tour of the airfield, hangars, and fire stations, and presentations from airport staff, tenants, and the airlines. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide a subsidized on-site daycare facility for employee children. | Airports offer a large variety of jobs with different characteristics: from a few hours a week to full time, for all genders and professions. Working at an airport may be attractive, but depending on the private circumstances with family (children), logistics may be challenging. Providing a day care facility for children of employees offers more flexibility and opportunities for people to manage job and family. At the same time, children are not too far away from a parent and well taken care of by certified personnel. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,1;4,1;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Participate in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Voluntary Protection Programs. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop an Airport Disaster and Emergency Preparedness Plan. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide first responder life support training for employees. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install Automated External Defibrillators (AED). | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Communicate alternative routes to the nearest medical facility as part of the overall health and safety program. | Include this information in the Airport Disaster and Emergency Preparedness Plan. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Participate in a full scale emergency response exercise to evaluate the capability and effectiveness of emergency responders in the event of an actual emergency. | An airport is required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to hold a full-scale airport emergency plan exercise at least once every three years. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Participate in an emergency exercise with a local hospital/medical center to train medical staff on how to transfer patients from an aircraft to local medical facilities in the event of a natural dis | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | O'Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Conduct road safety audits for all major pedestrian crossings. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer voluntary, free physical activity programs for staff (e.g., running groups, yoga classes, softball leagues, etc.). | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Host an airport health and wellness clinic/expo that provides health screening, seminars, health and safety exhibits, flu shots, a workout pavilion, healthy cooking demos, green living ideas, exhibito | Develop a health and wellness clinic to promote activity, nutrition and safety for airport employees. The program could provide health screening, seminars, health and safety exhibits, flu shots, a workout pavilion, healthy cooking demos, green living ideas, exhibitors, financial health information, and more. The on-site clinic helps reduce employees' time away from work for doctor visits; keeps public safety officers available for more urgent police/fire matters; and provides routine and emergency care for passengers. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,3 | O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Notify area police and fire departments of any road closures or heavy construction traffic. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Submit weekly reports summarizing all safety incidences as well as all events which may have resulted in an accident; include an evaluation of what steps can be taken to prevent those events in the fu | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Measure and communicate healthcare cost impacts. | Public reporting of cost and use information can help payers (including health plans and employers), providers (including hospitals and clinicians), and consumers (including patients and their families) have a better understanding of how much they are actually paying for health care. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide flu shots and immunizations. | Airports are increasingly making flu shots available to busy travelers. During a layover or flight delays offering flu shots and immunizations at the airport makes life easier for the busy traveling public. Some airports have full service medical centers offering services from emergency care to flu shots, X-rays, physical therapy, etc. available to passengers and airport personnel. Flu shots can be provided for both the public and employees; special emphasis should be placed on risk-group employees. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,2;4,2;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,4 | John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) – JFK Advanced Medical P.C., New York City, New York Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Train airport personnel to identify and stop human trafficking. | Aviation industry specific training can help airport employees, law enforcement personnel, tourism companies, ground transportation, and flight attendants identify and respond to suspected human trafficking victims and their captors. Training will also raise awareness on the problem of human trafficking, which is one of the fastest growing criminal industries in the world. According to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, about 800,000 people are trafficked internationally, including 100,000 to 300,000 minors in the United States, each year. Organizations such as Airline Ambassadors International (http://airlineamb.org/) can provide training seminars that may include handouts, break-out groups, scenario-based training, and presentations on real cases (often including actual victims). Training can be supported by other awareness initiatives including brochures, flyers, and television announcements that warn traffickers about the harsh penalties they face and provide victims with a toll-free number to call for help or to report crimes. An anti-trafficking office can also be established inside the terminal. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,3;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Miami International Airport (MIA), Miami, Florida Airline Ambassadors International (AAI) Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Post flyers, brochures, and/or screen public service announcements on television monitors to warn human traffickers about the harsh penalties they face and provide victims with a toll-free number to c | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an automated foreign object debris (FOD) detection system on aircraft movement areas. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide airfield perimeter service roads to facilitate access to all areas of the airfield without requiring the crossing of active airfield pavement. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Segregate operationally diverse facilities on the airfield to minimize mixing of different operational types (e.g., GA/student and air carrier). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Enhance lighting, signage, and/or markings to mitigate confusion and error potential in the movement area. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide recurrent training for all movement area drivers and require a ""checkout"" field exam. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Isolate construction areas from the movement area as completely as possible (barricades, fencing, signage, etc.). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure adequate staffing during snow removal and/or maintenance activities to ensure continuous and coordinated contact between vehicle drivers and air traffic controllers; consider use of a command v | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure the airport's snow removal and/or landscaping plan is coordinated with and on file with the airport traffic control tower. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use guards to monitor all points of access between the construction area, contractor staging/operations area, and the movement area. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Include a placard in all vehicles (airport, tenant, service provider, other) that illustrates airfield markings and their meaning. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure vehicle drivers receive appropriate training in air traffic control phraseology and intent, including airport-specific references that may be in use at a particular airport. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Define and communicate thresholds for airport movement area infractions and associated penalties (e.g., badge revocation). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Cease all construction and maintenance vehicle activities in the airport movement area during periods of low visibility. | Low visibility during construction in proximity to moving aircraft poses a safety hazard. | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,1;4,3;5,1;6,1;7,2;8,1;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install an indoor hydroponic or aeroponic garden. | Hydroponic and aeroponic gardening are methods of growing plants without soil, which makes them viable candidates for indoor gardening at airports. Plant roots in an aeroponic garden essentially hang in the air and are misted with an oxygenated nutrient solution; conversely, a hydroponic garden uses an inert, soilless growing medium. Hydroponic and aeroponic gardening are becoming increasingly popular as agricultural land uses must compete with developers for limited open space. Producing locally grown foods on-airport in a hydroponic or aeroponic garden reduces traffic congestion, habitat loss, and emissions associated with transporting produce; it can also provide a unique learning opportunity for travelers. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,3 | O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install, increase, and/or improve wireless internet connectivity. | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Simplifying the Business (StB) program. It may also provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,1;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install internet kiosks. | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Simplifying the Business (StB) program. It may also provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,1;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide an on-airport movie theater. | This practice may provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,1;5,2;6,1;7,1;8,1;9,2 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide in-terminal sleeping pods, napping rooms, rocking chars, and/or transit hotels. | This practice may provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,2;5,2;6,2;7,1;8,1;9,2 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide an in-terminal sanctuary lounge. | This practice may provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,1;5,2;6,2;7,1;8,1;9,2 | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide passengers with access to an on-airport pool and hot tub. | The pool and hot tub could be part of an airport fitness center (or on-airport hotel fitness center) or installed on rooftop space. This practice may provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,1;5,2;6,1;7,1;8,1;9,3 | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide passengers with access to showering facilities. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Stock bathrooms with pocket-size oral hygiene kits that contain mouthwash, dental floss, a toothbrush, and toothpaste. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Outagamie County Regional Airport (ATW), Appleton, Wisconsin | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an in-terminal vanity area/powder room. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide in-line skates, bicycles, Nordic walking poles, skis, snowboards, and/or other sports equipment for rent at an airport service center. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Designate a wellness/walking path within the terminal complex. | A terminal walking path provides passengers with an option to exercise while on the go and employees with an opportunity to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The walking path can be strategically mapped to intertwine with art displays, history and cultural exhibits, sustainability displays, shopping areas, a yoga room, and entertainment areas. Optional step courses/staircases can also be made available. DFW has also installed a Yoga Center at Gate D40 as another optional activity A designated walking path provides passengers and employees with a tangible sign of the airport’s commitment to support anyone who wants to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Signage that tracks miles walked from a designated starting point will help showcase the initiative and encourage participation. The airport can explore opportunities to partner with the American Heart Association's Start! Walking program. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport (MSP), St. Paul, Minnesota | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide an airport fitness center and/or partner with an on-airport hotel health club to provide access for the public and/or employees. | Provide airport fitness centers for the traveling public to relieve stress during long layovers or flight delays. Travelers have a healthier option such as a quick run in the gym or a tension-relieving massage. Employees can also take advantage of a fitness center. Offer day passes for facilities at the airport or offer shuttle bus rides to fitness centers that are only short ride away from the airport. Explore opportunities to partner with an on-airport hotel (preferably one located in the terminal). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,1;4,1;5,2;6,4;7,1;8,1;9,4 | O’Hare International Airport (ORD) – Hilton Chicago O’Hare, Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Offer stationary bikes that can generate energy when pedaled for users to recharge personal electronics and get a workout in. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (AMS), Schiphol, Netherlands | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install an ice skating rink in the terminal made of plastic artificial ice and provide ice skates for rent. | The plastic artificial ice allows users keep dry and there is less impact if they fall. This practice may provide a source of revenue. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,1;5,1;6,1;7,1;8,1;9,3 | Incheon International Airport (ICN), Incheon, South Korea | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a yoga room and/or prayer/reflection room. | Many airports have goals to enhance passenger experience and a yoga room can help them meet these goals. A yoga room, meditation room, and/or reflection room provides travelers a unique opportunity to decompress and relax. Providing this opportunity may increase the number of passengers, as people may choose this airport over others. Happier passengers may also spend more while visiting the airport. Passengers often experience high levels of stress during their travels and a relaxing, safe space can create a more pleasant airport experience. A yoga and reflection room can provide physical benefits as well as mental benefits; passengers sitting still on long flights may welcome the opportunity to stretch their legs. Yoga rooms are often free for passengers and may provide equipment such as mats and sanitizer. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,2;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,1;9,4 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Burlington International Airport (BTV), Burlington, Vermont Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use therapy dogs to comfort stressed travelers. | Implement a therapy dog program to help calm travelers from the stresses of traveling. The dogs roam the airport with their volunteer handlers, walking around the gate areas on the departure level of each terminal. The dogs can visit with passengers waiting for their flights while the handlers provide any needed airport information. All volunteers should participate in a classroom and in-terminal training session to learn about the airport and the best approach to comforting distraught passengers. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,2;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install retail touchscreen kiosks where travelers can rent or buy entertainment (via download) on the go. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Indianapolis International Airport (IND), Indianapolis, Indiana Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install an airport observation deck/spectator terrace with a view to the airside apron and tower-to-pilot radio communication available. | Aviation is still fascinating to the public and every so often, events attract lots of people (e.g., first landings of new aircraft types). An observation deck or spectator terrace offers the possibility to present modern aviation and provide a landmark excursion destination for families as well as for amateur aviation experts. It also provides an excellent opportunity for public relations. Additional services like guided tours, loud speakers with live radio communication, playground, restaurant, and souvenir shops enhance the visitor experience. If the terrace/observation deck provides a close up to aircraft at the gate, security screening might be mandatory. The terrace/deck could be fee-based or non-fee based and coupled with an airport restaurant. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,3;4,1;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,2;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Plant/install a butterfly/sunflower/cactus garden and/or koi pond nature trail (non-wildlife attracting if open-air). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Welcome passengers by handing out free popcorn, a fresh-baked cookie, or other goodies. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Fort Wayne International Airport (FWA), Fort Wayne, Indiana | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install an ice cream kiosk, popcorn machine, and/or a cookie kiosk. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Work with local restaurants to provide passengers with 'a taste of the city' featuring the local area's most famous cuisine. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Distribute flowers to passengers on Valentine's Day and on Mother's Day. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer free local phone calls year-round (or on customer appreciation days). | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Reno-Tahoe International Airport (RNO), Reno, Nevada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install a multistory tube slide in the terminal. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an in-terminal play room for children. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Staff child play areas/rooms with ""play coordinators"" that host craft activities and storytelling sessions and help parents keep an eye on their kids. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | London Heathrow International Airport (LHR), London, United Kingdom | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide a private baby care room with a hot water dispenser. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an entertainment zone/deck (e.g., gaming, television, ping pong, board games) for passengers. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide sports simulators that mimic soccer, basketball, golf, boxing, skiing, car racing, etc. for passengers to enjoy in between flights. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Hong Kong International Airport (HKG), Lantau, Hong Kong | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide live music performances in the terminal. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide live holiday/seasonal entertainment (e.g., Santa, Irish dancers, Halloween parade and trick or treating, etc.). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Host a holiday fashion market where local fashion designers and independent retailers offer unique, one-of-a-kind holiday gifts for sale including accessories, apparel and jewelry. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer digital versions of movies for passengers to purchase and download on a flash drive that can be watched on their laptop or tablet. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (MSP), Saint Paul, Minnesota | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an on-airport beauty salon, barber shop, massage bar, spa, reflexogy, and other services. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an on-airport fish spa pedicure with Garra rufa fish to pamper and entertain passengers. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an in-terminal library with work stations and reading areas. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide a golf putting green and/or mini golf inside the terminal. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Hong Kong International Airport (HKG), Lantau, Hong Kong | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide guided airport tours and/or free bus tours that passengers can take during layovers and/or delays. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an in-terminal dental office where passengers and employees can obtain teeth cleanings, whitening, and X-rays. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide wheelchairs and strollers/baby carriages for use inside the terminal (free or rental). | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Rent portable DVD players to passengers. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide a post office box or counter with post office services and a commemorative airport ink stamp that can be impressed on postcards and letters. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide a pharmacy, bank and other basic public services at the airport. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide in-terminal shoe and luggage repair services. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide gift wrapping services and/or provide complimentary holiday gift wrapping. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Locations | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide dry cleaning services in the terminal. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Take care of pets while passengers are away at an on-airport pet hotel; include an adjoining veterinarian clinic and nail clipping salon. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Designate meeting points/rendezvous plazas in the terminal with appropriate signage. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT), Narita, Japan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Develop an airport art and culture master plan, partnering with local art districts, cultural societies, artists, educational institutions, and volunteers to identify optimal locations for exhibits, t | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Tulsa International Airport (TUL), Tulsa, Oklahoma | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide art and cultural programs for employees and the general public. | A formalized airport art program provides enhanced customer service by exhibiting artwork and by engaging travelers in memorable experiences. Art exhibits provide enjoyment and enrichment for passengers and airport employees alike. Art installations also support local artists and institutions. Airport art programs may include permanent installations or rotating exhibits and can expand beyond the terminal to the street or parking areas. These programs can provide educational opportunities for passengers by showcasing the cultural identify of a region. Additionally, art installations with a sustainability theme can inform passengers and employees about current sustainability practices and goals in place at the airport. Art that utilizes traditional waste materials, such as bottle caps, can remind visitors of the importance of material reuse and resource conservation. An art program can be planned, designed, and installed at a relatively low cost by partnering with local artists or art organizations. Capital costs will cover primarily payment of the participating artist(s). Costs will vary depending on the size of the installation. There is little direct payback associated with art programs at airports. Once an art installation is installed, very little ongoing costs are required to maintain the exhibit. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,4 | Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee Dane County Regional Airport (MSN), Madison, Wisconsin San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a museum and/or art gallery in the terminal. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install a cultural display, exhibit, garden, gallery, or museum inside the terminal. | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Partner with a local school or university to display artwork created by the students (preferably artwork promoting conservation, use of recycled materials, and environmental awareness). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Give children free crayons and blank post-paid postcards and ask them to mail back a picture from their travels for display in an airport gallery. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Port Columbus International Airport (CMH), Columbus, Ohio | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Hire a team of 'airport experience agents' to roam around the airport terminals with tablets assisting travelers with way-finding, check-in, transfers, lost luggage and other travel-related issues. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Singapore Changi International Airport (SIN), Singapore, China | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer expedited "1-Stop" customs processing for international passengers arriving without checked baggage. | The initiative streamlines the U.S. entry process and minimizes customs wait times. 1-Stop is available to all passengers with only carry-on luggage and proper documentation. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,1;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Implement Automated Passport Control (APC) with the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to help travelers move faster through the border clearance process by entering information at a self-servic | Travelers are prompted to answer a series of questions at the touch screen self-service kiosk. Once passengers have completed the series of questions, a receipt will be issued. Travelers then bring their passport, travel information and receipt to a U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer for verification. APC does not require pre-registration, is easy to use, and maintains the highest levels of protection when it comes to the handling of personal data or information. As a result, travelers experience shorter wait times, less congestion, and faster processing but will also be assured that the safety and security of passengers, employees, and visitors remains a top priority. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,1;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) Vancouver International Airport (YVR), Richmond, British Columbia, Canada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Optimize the passenger baggage handling system. | An airport operator may optimize the airport’s and its tenants' passenger and baggage handling systems in order to reduce energy use and associated greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Optimizing the passenger and baggage handling systems will also reduce operational costs and increasing security passenger satisfaction. One common method to optimize a passenger baggage handling system is to create shared-use facilities, which may lead to smaller building footprints, reduced energy use and lower costs per unit served than facilities designed to serve only one tenant or function. In many cases, the equipment included in the shared-use facilities is also shared. The most common places where shared- use facilities are implemented include check-in areas, baggage area, waiting lounges in front of aircraft gates, the gates themselves, and swing gates between international and domestic operations. The number of shared facilities may be determined by the size of the lounges and the possibilities of sharing between users at different times of the day, the percent of extra gates needed to cope with short-term uncertainty due to weather and mechanical delays and the percent of extra gates due to long-term variability in the mix of traffic. For shared-use check-in areas, electronic screens can be used to change the identification of the airlines who are using that space on any particular day. In the optimization of baggage handling systems, airport operators may need to consider purchasing costs, operating costs, processing rates and error rates (both false alarms and false clears) when deciding on a technology or a combination of technologies to be implemented. In addition, security equipment, procedures and personnel are the factors directly affecting operational task accomplishment relating to baggage screening. Baggage systems will also have to meet the Transportation Security Administration's (TSA's) requirements as with any criteria needed for FAA funding. The inclusion of shared-use facilities in new or renovated airport passenger buildings may reduce development costs and lead to energy saving costs, however, a major capital investment is still required to build these facilities. According to a study discussed by Qianmei (2007), for a single-device baggage handling system, the multi-view tomography (MVT) technology provides the most cost-effective solution. In addition, the most cost-effective choice for a two-device system is provided by the arrangement of MVT followed by an explosive detection system (EDS), which uses X-rays to scan bags for explosives. Cost reductions from the use of multi-functional buildings may come from the reduced building expenditures since shared space enables airport operators to respond flexibly to significant variations in airplane and passenger traffic levels without having to build more facilities. In addition, developing shared waiting lounges and gates may lead to a cost savings for the project of approximately 30-50 percent, when airport operators have four to six gates sharing the same waiting room. A reduction in space needed for individual gates and waiting areas may lead to decreased energy costs. | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,3;4,2;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,3 | McCarran International Airport (LAS), Las Vegas, Nevada Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), Los Angeles, California Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (YUL), Montreal, Canada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Offer passenger check-in self-service kiosks with bag-tag printing. | Customer self-service equipment, such as ticketing kiosks, can reduce wait times and lines at ticketing counters, which can in turn reduce the number of manned ticketing counters and associated building space needed. When designing or renovating a terminal or ticketing center, if the use of kiosks is incorporated into the design, the linear area needed for ticketing may be reduced. This may lead to a more efficient use of terminal space, and an overall reduction in the necessary footprint of the terminal. Such a reduction in building size may reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during construction, as well as GHG emissions from heating and cooling over the lifetime of the building. At an airport where a terminal is owned by the airport operator, the operator may consider incorporating customer self-service equipment in designs of new terminals or terminal reconstruction. At an airport where terminals are owned by airline tenants, an airport operator may promote the use of this equipment through collaborative discussions with airline tenants. An airport operator may also include the incorporation of customer self-service equipment in designs as a contractual obligation with an airline, or as a condition of the airport operator's approval of the design. Establishing policies to promote customer self-service equipment in terminal designs may vary in cost. If an airport operator implements policies to incentivize an airline for using customer self-service equipment, by reducing tenant fees for example, then the operator will incur a greater cost. Ensure that passengers with disabilities have equal access (per the U.S. Department of Transportation). This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association's (IATA) ""Bags ready-to-go"" initiative. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,1;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,3 | Orlando International Airport (MCO), Orlando, Florida Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Allow passengers to report a missing bag at a kiosk instead of waiting in line at a baggage service counter. | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Fast Travel Program (www.iata.org/whatwedo/stb/fast-travel/Pages/index.aspx). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Offer bag drops where passengers can free themselves of luggage immediately upon arriving at the airport. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Encourage airlines to participate in the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Baggage Improvement Program (BIP). | This practices is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Simplifying the Business (StB) program. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide baggage storage lockers (for screened baggage). | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (MSP), Saint Paul, Minnesota | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Offer luggage delivery services for passengers where they can hire baggage agents to retrieve their checked luggage and deliver it to a destination of their choice, freeing them of luggage and avoidin | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (MSP), Saint Paul, Minnesota | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Allow passengers to receive their boarding pass via website. | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Fast Travel Program Check-in initiative (www.iata.org/whatwedo/stb/fast-travel/Documents/fast_travel_2013.pdf). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Support the use of paperless ticket (e-ticket) technology, including bar-coded boarding passes on mobile phones. | An airport operator may work with its airline tenants to utilize paperless ticketing technologies. The use of paperless ticketing (e-tickets) increases the efficiency of ticket distribution and is more cost-effective than traditional computer reservation systems (CRS). Paperless ticketing may be done on individual airline websites, through on-line travel agencies owned or controlled by CRS vendors such as Travelocity, or through independent on-line travel agencies such as Expedia. Another option is multi-airline on-line travel agencies such as Orbitz which use agreements with multiple airlines to book tickets directly through each airline's internal reservation system. Paperless ticketing reduces an airline's paper usage as well as reduces the need for workers to book tickets and postage to mail them. Further benefits for customers include the ability to book tickets on short notice and the knowledge that tickets cannot be lost or stolen. Depending on the amount of paper used by passengers to print out their ticket and whether receipts are issued during check-in, paperless ticketing may reduce overall paper usage for airline ticketing and the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with paper production and transport. Paperless ticket technology requires airport terminals to be equipped with several types of technology, including ticket kiosks for printing boarding passes, or for passengers using smartphones, scanners that can read the smartphones. According to IATA, a paper ticket costs $10 to process while an electronic ticket costs $1 US. Ensure passengers with disabilities have equal access (per U.S. Department of Transportation). This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association's (IATA) ""Bags ready-to-go"" initiative. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Allow passengers to scan their travel documents at kiosks for data verification and onward transmission to government agencies (e.g., automated passport control), avoiding identity checks at check-in | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Fast Travel Program Document Check initiative (www.iata.org/whatwedo/stb/fast-travel/Pages/index.aspx). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,1;9,3 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Enable passengers to proactively handle the re-booking for cancelled or delayed flights and obtain a new boarding pass via a self-service channel (kiosk, web, and mobile phone). | This practice is part of the International Air Transport Association"s (IATA) Fast Travel Program Flight re-booking initiative (www.iata.org/whatwedo/stb/fast-travel/Documents/fast_travel_2013.pdf). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,3;7,3;8,1;9,3 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop an airport mobile application for easy access to retail and dining options and promotions, real-time flight status, emergency alerts, terminal maps, weather and city guides, airport facilities | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Participate in the Transportation Security Administration's PreCheck Program to allow low-risk travelers to experience faster, more efficient screening. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an on-airport car wash valet service where cars are cleaned and ready for travels upon their return to the airport. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (AUS), Austin, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Design for and install detention basins, detention ditches, ditch checks, curb breaks, and/or other stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs). | Stormwater Management Best Management Practices (BMPs) are techniques that are utilized to effectively manage both water quality and quantity. Such practices are often required by regulatory agencies and are important for airports’ sustainability efforts. BMPs are often unique or innovative approaches to stormwater management that can have a number of sustainability benefits including increased water quality of surrounding water bodies, improved recreational access to the community as a result of water quality improvements, and effective management of water from large storm events to prevent flooding and/or damage. BMPs can include detention basins, vegetative swales, and pollution control equipment such as oil/water separators and floating booms. It is important to note, however, that FAA has restrictions on the type of stormwater BMPs implemented at airports due to the potential to attract wildlife. Upfront capital costs to plan, design, and/or construct stormwater BMPs will depend on the type and size of the BMP. A 2004 study of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimated the cost of bioswales to be $0.50 US per square foot (www.wbdg.org/). There is no direct payback from implementing stormwater BMPs. Maintenance costs associated with managing stormwater BMPs depend on the type and size of the BMP. Generally, these BMPs may require more maintenance but are considered to be less costly than traditional stormwater management practices. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install water quality swales, rain gardens, and/or constructed wetlands to control stormwater rates. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install temporary sedimentation basins, diversion dikes, ditches, sediment traps, silt fences, and/or pipe slope drains during construction. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Achieve permanent soil stabilization in seeded areas by covering all exposed soil surfaces with vegetation (non-wildlife attracting). | Do not use vegetation that may attract wildlife or impact the safety of aircraft operations on or adjacent to airport operating areas. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Incorporate temporary and permanent soil stabilization techniques including hydroseeding, soil binders, composting and mulching. | Hydroseeding (or hydraulic mulch seeding, hydro-mulching, hydraseeding) is a planting process that uses a slurry of seed and mulch. The slurry is transported in a tank, either truck- or trailer-mounted and sprayed over prepared ground. When using vegetation to stabilize soils, make sure a layer of topsoil and compost is present to support growth. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install rolled mats (organic, biodegradable mulch mats used to reduce erosion) and ensure that they conform to site contours. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use natural fiber geotextiles (permeable fabrics) that are biodegradable. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prohibit the use of chemical soil stabilizers during construction. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use lime to increase the stability, impermeability, and load-bearing capacity of the subgrade. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Monitor construction water quality impacts by conducting sampling before and during construction, especially after significant storm events. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install slurry walls during construction to prevent commingling of aquifers. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Locate construction vehicle entrances on stabilized, level ground and provide ample turning radii. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Grade construction vehicle entrances to prevent runoff. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Locate construction staging, lay-down areas, stockpiles, and traffic on areas that are paved or will be paved as part of the construction. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design projects to ensure no net increase in rate and quantity of stormwater runoff (minimize the amount of impervious surface constructed). | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Build on a previously developed site. | Infilling development on a previously developed site improves development density. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install permeable pavement. | Permeable paving refers to paving materials that promote absorption of rain and snowmelt. Permeable paving helps reduce the quantity of stormwater runoff and runoff pollutants. Paving blocks and grids are the most common types of permeable paving. These modular systems contain openings that are filled with sand and/or soil. Some can support grass or other suitable vegetation, providing a green appearance and aesthetic benefits. Rainfall is trapped in the block's depressions and infiltrates into the underlying soil. Permeable paving is especially beneficial in areas that are underlain with sandy, permeable soils. Effectiveness can be improved by designs that maximize the openings in the paving material and provide a permeable sub-layer of at least 12 inches. Vegetated pavers can also be an effective means of reducing the urban heat island effect. Installation of permeable paving can cost two to three times greater than conventional asphalt or concrete. However, permeable paving may require less frequent replacement and may reduce costs associated with stormwater engineering and infrastructure (e.g., curbs, gutters and storm sewer). Periodic vacuuming may be necessary or mowing if using vegetated paving blocks. Special attention should be given to areas that require frequent snow plowing due to the slightly uneven surface of the pavement. Permeable asphalt may melt in extremely hot climates. Therefore, airports that experience extreme cold and frequent snow or extreme heat waves should carefully consider the materials used and potential maintenance required. Additionally, fuel spills may contaminate soil more easily due to the increased permeability, so refueling and maintenance areas should not be considered for permeable pavement. | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Stewart International Airport (SWF), Orange County, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Remove and recycle existing pavement that is not required or needed for future use. | Consider the construction-related emissions and erosion potential, etc. of doing so and ensure they would not outweigh the stormwater benefits achieved. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install vegetated filter strips to reduce flow velocities in stormwater conveyance systems to encourage settling of sediments (for later removal). | Vegetated filter strips are mildly sloped vegetated surfaces that treat runoff from adjacent impervious areas. These BMPs slow runoff velocities and remove pollutants via filtration and infiltration. Vegetated filter strip systems perform well for solids and dissolved constituents removal. Bacteria removal is typically small due to bacteria in the soil. Runoff volume retention depends on the underlying soil. Volume reduction can range from 50 percent to almost all runoff. A potential issue may be hazardous wildlife attraction, which can be minimized by regular mowing to keep the grass short and using grass species that are the least attractive to grass eating species. Other maintenance requirements include removing sediment buildup along the pavement edge. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 4,3;8,2 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Collect and reuse stormwater for non-potable uses such as landscape irrigation and building flush systems. | Stormwater reuse can dramatically reduce potable water use and costs. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,2;8,4;9,3 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Design stormwater storage and conveyance systems for the 500-year storm in areas prone to flooding and those that are projected to have increased flooding due to climate change. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Coordinate with local or city governments to determine if other properties (e.g., parks) can be used for regional stormwater infiltration to prevent flooding. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Implement Best Management Practices outlined in the U.S. EPAs Guidance Specifying Management for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters. | Analyze weather conditions, construction phases, and materials in use before selecting the most applicable Best Management Practices (BMPs). | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Construct engineered wetlands to treat wastewater, glycol, and other chemicals and provide aesthetic benefits (off-airport and/or ensure non-wildlife attracting). | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Dane County Regional Airport (DCRA), Madison, Wisconsin | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install an on-airport stormwater collection and rain harvesting system to treat runoff prior to reuse or discharge. | Rainwater harvesting system BMPs collect rainwater for reuse, decreasing stormwater volume and providing an irrigation water supply. These BMPs typically do not provide treatment. Rainwater harvest BMPs typically consist of a collection system draining to a cistern or underground detention facility where water is stored before use. Pollutant removal is minimal, as rainwater does not have high levels of pollutants. Rainwater harvesting systems have high volume reduction and reuse capacities. Volume is lost via evapotranspiration when harvested water is used for irrigation or reuse within buildings for toilet flushing, cooling water, and other uses. The harvesting system must not be accessible or serve as a water source to hazardous wildlife. In many areas, collection of rainwater may be prohibited by water rights laws. Local plumbing codes may also prohibit reuse or require pretreatment of harvested water. Maintenance requirements include: periodically monitoring to ensure that captured rainwater does not become anaerobic; cleaning gutters and downspouts; cleaning reservoir annually; and inspecting and maintaining to ensure system does not overflow creating water pools. | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 4,3;8,2 | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (ABIA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install slotted edge drains and other first flush systems connected to underground holding tanks. | First flush sediment would settle in the underground holding tanks and be removed at a later date for treatment and/or disposal. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install bioswales (non-wildlife attracting) to encourage groundwater infiltration of stormwater runoff. | Bioswales (also referred to as vegetated swales) are vegetated, mulched, or xeriscaped channels that provide treatment and retention as they move stormwater from one place to another. Bioswales slow, infiltrate, and filter stormwater flows. As linear features, bioswales are particularly suitable along streets and parking lots. Bioswale designs must not provide habitat for hazardous wildlife. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Plant nitrogen-fixing vegetation in fertilized areas. | May minimize wastewater treatment costs and helps avoid water contamination and cleanup costs. Helps fertilize soil to support plant life and prevent erosion. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install an on-airport sand filtration system to control storm water quality and runoff volumes. | Sand filters consist of basins that capture stormwater runoff and then filter the runoff through a bed of sand in the floor of the facility. These BMPs can be configured either as a single basin or as separate sedimentation and filtration basins. Sand filters are very adaptable and can be used in areas with thin soils, high evaporation rates, and low-soil infiltration rates. They can also be used in limited-space areas and in places where groundwater requires protection. Sand filters remove particles and associated pollutants very well. Dissolved constituents are not removed well. Nitrate can be present in the filter effluent. Volume removal is very high where underlying soils are very permeable. Potential issues include: basins may not be used in the runway safety areas where they would be a hazard for aircraft; and sand filters are easily clogged by high sediment loads. Routine maintenance includes inspections every quarter and after large storms for the first year of operation and typically semi-annually thereafter to ensure water does not pond for more than 48 hours. Other maintenance activities include: removing trash and debris, media replacement at the end of the 50-year filter life, and monitoring vegetation growth and any hazardous wildlife. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 4,3;8,2 | Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (ABIA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use water quality inlets (WQIs) to separate pollutants from the first flush of storm water (referred to as oil/grit separators or oil/water separators). | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and Implement a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). | Inspect the site frequently to ensure compliance with the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) and Best Management Practices (BMPs). Coordinate SWPPP elements with tenant plans. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Train on-site personnel in pollution prevention procedures and always make the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) available at the construction site for review. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prepare a hydrology report to document typical rainfall, drainage patterns, flow rates, and runoff expected during storms. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prepare a soil report to document drainage characteristics, soil stability, and design constraints. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prepare a grading and drainage plan (based on hydrology and soil reports) that records slopes, areas of cut and fill, areas of soil disturbance, and protection of existing vegetation. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Store materials and waste in areas sheltered from rain and runoff. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a closed-loop aircraft wash rack wastewater recycling system. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Collect and recycle, or treat and properly dispose of water used for vehicle and aircraft washing. | Reusing water decreases overall consumption and limits sanitary sewer discharge volumes. If reuse isn"t feasible, proper collection and treatment minimizes chemical runoff from cleaning agents used to wash vehicles. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,1;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install a construction sewage pre-treatment plant to avoid acidification (e.g., from concrete) before discharge in the stormwater system. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide centralized and/or remote deicing/anti-icing facilities (e.g., deicing pads) with drainage infrastructure to capture and segregate deicing runoff. | Centralized deicing systems may be impractical for all but the largest airport operations due to their cost and physical size. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use sweeper-vacuums, glycol recovery vehicles (GRVs), and/or “mobile collection units” to remove (and potentially reuse) spent deicing/anti-icing fluid. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Collect excess glycol in permanent or temporary tanks for recycling, treatment, and/or disposal. | Tanks are recommended to be modular, metal frame tanks with membrane liners and floating covers. The feasibility of glycol recovery is dependent on the ability of the collection system to recover a relatively concentrated waste stream without significant contamination by other storm water components. Since distillation is an energy-intensive process, it is generally not cost effective to distill and recycle waste glycol solutions at low concentrations (< 15 percent). However, individual airports may have to collect and recover lower concentrations of waste glycol solutions to satisfy requirements of their storm water NPDES permits. Large-scale, permanent or temporary (modular, metal frame tanks with membrane liners and floating covers) tanks can be used to store deicer-laden stormwater prior to transport for treatment or disposal. Temporary, portable frac tanks, delivered when and where needed, can also be used for storage. | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use deicing materials that have a low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install electronic and/or hydronic heated pavement systems to control snow accumulation. | Heating airfield pavements from within the pavement structure may be accomplished by passing electric current or circulating warm fluids through pipes, or tubes, in the pavement structure. The disadvantages of heated pavement systems typically involve high initial costs and require complex installation procedures; however, this cost can be offset by a reduction in traditional strategies that are time, equipment, time and labor intensive. Electrically Heated Pavements: Electrical current encounters resistance when flowing through a conductor. The resistance to current flow converts electrical energy to heat energy. The heat produced is proportional to the current flowing through the conductor and the composition of the conductor that offers resistance to the current flow. Hydronic Pavement Heating: Hydronic refers to the use of heated fluid as the transfer mechanism and the heat is released by thermal conduction. Heated fluids flow through tubes, or pipes, embedded in the pavement structure. The cooled fluid is returned to the heat source and the cycle repeated. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,1;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,1;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install a glycol epoxy overcoat on pavement surfaces. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Train employees on deicing fluid storage and handling, deicing procedures, spill response and prevention, and stormwater pollution prevention. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Block storm drains during deicing/anti-icing operations to prevent contamination of stormwater runoff. | Additionally, prevent stormwater runoff onto deicing/anti-icing material storage and handling areas. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Clearly designate aircraft deicer/anti-icer storage and transfer areas. | Clearly marked areas will ensure that aircraft are parked over the appropriate deicing fluid capture pads. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Store deicing/anti-icing materials indoors or in a sheltered area away from direct traffic routes to prevent spills. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Keep deicing/anti-icing spill response equipment in locations easily accessible to and near areas where spills may occur. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform and document frequent inspections of storm drains, deicer application equipment, deicer runoff controls, and storage tanks; perform maintenance as required. | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use forced air/hybrid deicing that adds deicing fluid to the air stream to aid in breaking loose snow and ice. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use infrared energy to deice aircraft. | Reduces the need for deicing fluid. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,2;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), New York, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Perform initial deicing using hot water at a temperature of at least 60 degrees Celsius or 140 degrees Fahrenheit; an anti-icing fluid is then applied before the water freezes. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Purchase and install enclosed deicing buckets on deicing vehicles (or as part of centralized deicing facilities), protecting operators from exposure to deicing fluid and encouraging deicing closer to | Reduces overspray and increases efficiency. | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install Holdover Time Determination Systems (HOTDS) to record measurements of winter conditions and calculate deicing/anti-icing fluid holdover time. | An anti-icing fluid holdover time is an estimate of the length of time that a particular type or brand of anti-icing fluid will be effective in preventing the re-formation of snow, ice and frost on aircraft surfaces treated with that particular fluid type or brand. Holdover Time Determination Systems (HOTDS) record measurements of winter conditions at airports at pre-determined intervals. HOTDS compute a precipitation rate for any weather condition, enabling the calculation of a single-value de/anti-icing fluid holdover time for any combination of fluid, ambient temperature, precipitation type and precipitation rate. The holdover time (HOT) information can then be relayed electronically to crews in the flight deck for their use in HOT decision making in winter operating conditions. The result of this practice is optimized selection of deicing/anti-icing fluid selection by flight crews, resulting in potential cost savings, environmental benefits, operational efficiencies, and safety enhancements. A HOTDS assists pilots and operators in better coping with wintertime operations. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Track the volume of aircraft deicers and anti-icers used to identify procedures to improve, help analyze and design deicing management systems, and enhance compliance with regulatory requirements. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use Tempered Steam Technology (TST) to defrost or pre-deice aircraft. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Clear snow accumulation from aircraft deicing areas prior to deicing operations to prevent contamination. | Clearing snow will decrease the total volume of runoff to be collected and treated. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,2;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Dispose deicer-laden stormwater to publicly owned off-site treatment works that use biological processes to break down glycols and other organic constituents of deicing runoff. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an on-site biological/natural treatment system to treat deicing/anti-icing runoff to concentrations acceptable for discharge to surface waters or the sanitary sewer. | During the winter season, aircraft and airport operating surfaces may need to be deiced and/or anti-iced to ensure safe operations. Studies and mass balance calculations show that when deicing/anti-icing fluid (mostly glycols and formiates) is applied, excess fluid may drip off onto the ground and enter the storm water system and receiving water bodies. The biological oxygen demand can cause significant adverse impacts on a water body. Natural treatment systems use soil, water, and plant ecosystems to remove pollutants through physical, chemical, and biological processes. Types include a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system; a sequencing batch reactor system; a reciprocating subsurface treatment system; or a anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (FBR) system. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,1;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,1;8,4;9,3 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use membrane filtration to separate larger deicing/anti-icing molecules from smaller water molecules, increasing the concentration of the (reject) stream and separating it from the dilute (permeate) s | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use recovered glycol as a “feedstock” for reformulated aircraft deicing fluid (after meeting SAE AMS 1424 specifications), vehicle anti-freeze, aircraft lavatory fluid, coolants, coatings, paints, and | Recovered glycol may be reformulated as aircraft-deicing fluid after meeting all SAE AMS 1424 specifications. Glycol has many applications, including antifreeze in cooling and heating systems, in hydraulic brake fluids, and to deice airport runways and aircraft. Deicing involves the removal of frost, snow, or ice from aircraft surfaces or from paved areas including runways, taxiways, and gate areas. Four different types of aviation deicing fluids are identified in applicable standards, e.g. Society of Automotive AMS 1428 and AMS 1424 : 1. Type I fluids have a low viscosity, and provide only short term protection because they quickly flow off surfaces after use. They are typically sprayed on hot (130–180°F, 55-80°C) at high pressure to remove snow, ice, and frost. Usually they are dyed orange to aid in identification and application. 2. Type II fluids are pseudoplastic to prevent their immediate flow off aircraft surfaces. Typically the fluid film will remain in place until the aircraft attains approximately 100 knots. The high speeds required for viscosity breakdown means that this type of fluid is useful only for larger aircraft. The use of Type II fluids is diminishing in favor of Type IV. 3. Type III fluids’ viscosity lies in between that of Type I and Type II fluids. They are intended for use on slower aircrafts. 4. Type IV fluids meet the same AMS standards as Tier II fluids, but they provide a longer holdover time. They are typically dyed green to aid in the application of a consistent layer of fluid. The deicing of aircraft and airfield surfaces is required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to ensure the safety of passengers; however, when performed without discharge controls in place, airport deicing operations can result in environmental impacts. In addition to potential aquatic life and human health impacts from the toxicity of deicing chemicals, the biodegradation of glycol in surface waters can greatly impact water quality, including significant reduction in dissolved oxygen levels, leading to fish kills. Although disposal of deicing fluid through discharge to sewers is heavily regulated, this is not viewed as a sustainable solution. Deicing fluids may instead be recycled where suitable facilities exist. Special deicing pads may be installed with a recovery system that channels deicing fluid into large subterranean tanks. This mixture is then trucked to a recycling facility where it is cleaned in a series of mechanical and chemical refinement operations and then distilled to recover the basic glycol-based deicing agent. Additives are then introduced to produce regenerated deicing fluid. | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,3;4,1;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,3 | Detroit Metropolitan Airport - Wayne County Airport Authority | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use beet juice made from the carbohydrate extract of sugar beets or molasses to deice sidewalks, parking lots, and roadways. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Educate maintenance staff, employees, passengers, and tenants on water conservation strategies. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a baseline water consumption level and track and report on water use data and cost savings compared to the baseline. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install metering networks to facilitate accurate measurement of water use. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an on-site wastewater treatment plant. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Install motion sensors on sink faucets. | Give preference to those that have the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"s WaterSense label (www.epa.gov/WaterSense/products/bathroom_sink_faucets.html). | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install water-conserving aerators on faucets and showerheads. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install pressure-assisted toilets. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install dual-flush toilets. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install waterless or water-efficient urinals. | Give preference to those that have the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"s WaterSense label (www.epa.gov/WaterSense/products/urinals.html). Also see www.americanstandard-us.com/bathroom-products/urinals/. Cost ranges between $200 and $950 US according to www.grainger.com/category/ecatalog/N-1z0dkmx. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install water-efficient pre-rinse spray valves (used in commercial kitchens to remove food waste from dishes prior to dishwashing). | Give preference to spray valves that have the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency"s WaterSense label (or similar label). | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use low-volume, high pressure sprayer nozzles on water hoses used for vehicle washing. | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install cisterns to capture rainwater from roofs for irrigation. | Consult applicable state/local water recycling criteria regulations governing the proper use of reclaimed water for non-potable needs. Also, consult with federal regulations such as the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Recycle used non-potable water for landscaping, machine washing, urinal and toilet flushing, custodial uses, etc. to the extent allowed by the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. | An airport has many uses for recycled non-potable water, including for industrial uses (cooling processes), landscaping (watering plants), and for urinals and toilets. Depending on climate conditions, rain water could be collected, prepared and used as a source for low quality water consumers. This could be in addition to the regular water supply as a separate piping/plumbing system. Maintenance and operation is usually at low costs. Depending on precipitation, evaporation, available collection surface and storage tanks, thousands of toilet flushes can be substituted daily. Consult applicable state/local water recycling criteria regulations governing the proper use of reclaimed water for non-potable needs. Also, consult with federal regulations such as the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,3;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Incorporate reclaimed graywater collection and reuse in building design. | Increasing demands on potable water supplies, particularly in regions that experience regular periods of drought, require institutions to implement innovative water conservation strategies. Reclaimed graywater is reusable wastewater from residential, commercial, and industrial sinks, dishwashers, showers, and any other source that is not from toilets or urinals. Graywater can be reused for a number of non-potable water demands, such as toilet flushing or irrigation, due to its lower level of contaminants (as compared to water that has come into contact with human waste). Utilizing reclaimed graywater for non-potable water uses at an airport has water conservation benefits because it replaces the use of potable water. Cisterns can be used to collect rainfall to use for landscaping, vehicle washing, and other non-potable uses. A dual piping system is required to accommodate use of graywater in building design. It is difficult to retrofit an existing building with dual piping. Therefore, new construction projects should incorporate dual piping in design, even if a graywater source is not readily available. Depending on the intended use of the reclaimed graywater, varying levels of treatment may be necessary prior to reuse. For example, if reclaimed graywater is intended for us as irrigation, treatment to remove the soaps or other chemicals present in the graywater may be required. It is important to note that graywater use is illegal in many states. However, an increasing number of states have been allowing the use of graywater at some scale. When designed as part of a new development project, the capital costs associated with a dual plumbing system to accommodate graywater use is low, especially when compared to the total cost of the new development. The exact costs would depend on the size of the system. The payback period of this practice depends on the size and uses of the graywater system, as well as the water utility costs for the airport. Because the marginal cost of installing a graywater system is low, the payback period would likely be short. Depending on the level of treatment of the graywater system as well as on the size of the system, maintenance costs will likely be low. Consult applicable state/local water recycling criteria regulations governing the proper use of reclaimed water for non-potable needs. Also, consult with federal regulations such as the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA), Lantau, Hong Kong San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Reclaim water used during aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) training exercises for landscaping or other non-potable uses. | Consult applicable state/local water recycling criteria regulations governing the proper use of reclaimed water for non-potable needs. Also, consult with federal regulations such as the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,2;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use pulsed-power electromagnetic water treatment, ultraviolet treatment, or ozone treatment for the cooling tower water. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use reverse osmosis and ultra filtration to process waste water. | Uses less electricity and chemicals than a cooling tower. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,2;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use tank-less (instantaneous) hot water heaters. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide training for employees and signage for facility users instructing them on how they can reduce water use. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Limit steam cleaning and high pressure washing of vehicles and equipment. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Test and repair water supply and wastewater conveyances to conserve water and stop leaks. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use an external NoFoam unit/kit for aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) vehicles and for application on aircraft hangar foam-water suppression systems. | U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) policy requires periodic aircraft hangar fire suppression foam system nozzle discharge checks ensuring that the fire suppression foam delivery system remains ready to go when the times arises. However, these foam system discharge checks generate significant amount of foam laden wastewater. Despite its wide use and effectiveness, aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) poses an environmental concern and raises questions about its long-term continued use. The environmental concerns are fish toxicity, biodegradability, treatability in wastewater treatment plants, and nutrient loading when foam laden wastewater reaches natural or domestic water systems. Also, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has highlighted a potential problem by placing glycol ether and ethylene glycol (common solvent constituents of AFFF) on the list of hazardous air pollutants under the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments. Waste handling, collection, disposal, and waste management of the foam laden wastewater are burdensome and disposal is a liability. Due to environmental concerns, and prohibitive disposal and treatment costs of the foam laden wastewater, many facilities are not performing the required periodic aircraft hangar fire suppression foam system nozzle foam discharge checks. The failure to perform the required aircraft hangar fire suppression foam system checks is jeopardizing and, in some cases, reducing the ability of facilities to meet their mission requirements. The NoFoam System technology provides DoD facilities a tool for eliminating foam laden wastewater from periodic aircraft hangar fire suppression foam system nozzle discharge checks, while verifying the fire suppression foam delivery system (theoretical water and surrogate flow). | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide direct, safe access to an existing or planned and funded commuter rail or subway/elevated train station. | LEED recommends with 0.5 mile. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide direct, safe access to bus stops usable by airport passengers, employees, and construction workers. | LEED recommends with 0.25 mile. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Financially contribute to the greening and/or expansion of the mass transit systems which serve the airport. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide subsidized train and/or bus passes to employees and construction workers. | While airports offer various modes of public transportation (busses, trains, light rail, metro, etc.), many employees choose to take their personal vehicles to commute to work, generating emissions and adding to the traffic load on access roads and to parking facilities. Similarly during construction, workers tend to use their own vehicles to access project sites. Providing subsidies for public transportation (potentially in conjunction with levying parking fees for staff) could create incentives for using public transportation on a larger scale, thereby easing adverse traffic and parking situations at airports, and reducing emissions. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a transportation plan to and from the construction site. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide employees with directions to public transportation facilities. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install covered and heated (if applicable) waiting areas for public transportation stops at the airport. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide public transportation information displays, schedules, and ticket vending machines in the baggage claim area. | Most airports offer public transportation to and from the airport. Sometimes, arriving passengers may not be familiar with the available services (bus, trains, etc.), their schedule (where, how often), and the fares (to buy a ticket). Other (local) passengers may be familiar with the services but might encounter a tight schedule where they would appreciate the ability to obtain their ticket in due time and be aware of tight connections. As such, the airport may want to provide the necessary information in the baggage claim hall. Passengers can thus get all information and even tickets while waiting for their luggage. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Prepare a smart growth plan that considers mixed land uses, compact building design, walkable neighborhoods, a strong sense of place, preservation of open space, directing development towards existing | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Select public transportation accessible venues/hotels (with directions provided). | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide a centralized, consolidated rental car facility with connection to the airport transit system. | A consolidated rental car (CONRAC) facility centralizes the operations of rental car companies. Benefits include minimizing congestion on terminal roadways, reducing emissions from shuttle bus trips, freeing up terminal and parking lot space, improving convenience, reducing confusion for travelers, and providing a level playing field for car rental companies. On-airport parking garage fees also provide an attractive revenue source for airports. A CONRAC project should consider extending the airport rail system to enhance transportation connectivity between rental cars, public parking, public roadways, and public transportation options. Flight information display monitors can be installed to give customers the latest flight information. Electronic public transportation ticking machines, tourism brochures, and other information can also be provided in the CONRAC. Construction of a CONRAC facility creates design and construction jobs and permanent concession and rental car positions. The CONRAC can also provide an ideal location for the installation of alternative renewable energy and/or green/cool roofing. Small, independent rental car companies may have difficulty meeting the demands of CONRAC participation, including the cost of staffing operations for extended hours, paying rents that are typically higher than off-airport facilities, and meeting requirements on fleet levels and vehicle quality. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,4;4,1;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,4 | Midway International Airport (MDW), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a Centralized Intermodal Ground Transportation Center. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Operate satellite 'check-in' facilities (downtown and suburban locations) to minimize congestion on terminal access roads. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Communicate with local and regional transit authorities to advance multiple transit connection opportunities. | Transit connection opportunties can decrease traffic congestion for people driving to the airport | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide a temporary parking area for vehicles waiting to pick up passengers (such as a cell phone lot). | People picking up arriving passengers at an airport often circulate around the roadway system creating congestion and deteriorating air quality. Temporary parking areas allow people picking up passengers to park their car free of charge for a short period of time and thus avoid circulating vehicles on the airport roadways, improving safety, reducing congestion, and reducing emissions. Temporary parking areas are generally located at remote locations within close proximity to the airport roadway system. Temporary parking areas may have a time limit ranging from 30 minutes to unlimited, as long as someone is present inside the vehicle. Designated parking areas enhance customer service as it allows arriving passengers to efficiently meet their ride and depart from the airport. “No Idling” signage should be posted in the temporary parking area to discourage unnecessary idling. Upfront capital costs to plan, design, and/or construct a temporary parking area can be low. In many cases, an already paved area is repurposed for this use. There is no direct payback associated with this initiative and ongoing operation and maintenance costs associated with this practice are minimal. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Denver International Airport (DEN), Denver, Colorado Dane County Regional Airport (DCRA), Madison, Wisconsin Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide a remote curb location outside of the terminal core (such as a 'Kiss-n-Fly' drop off). | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use an off-site delivery consolidation center to reduce delivery traffic. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide safe bicycle lanes and walking paths to and from the airport and to nearby commercial office, retail, and hotel zones. | Airports are usually accessible by various means of transportation, although the infrastructure is mostly geared towards motorized traffic. Employees or visitors living close by and wanting to commute to the airport by bicycle or on foot might find it difficult to access the main areas. Providing safe bicycle lanes and paths separated from motorways and streets with the installation of bicycle racks for safe bicycle storage may encourage staff not to take their vehicles to work. In addition, shower facilities may support such initiatives. The airport should consider publishing a bicycle route map. Airport bicycles lanes should ideally connect with other area bike routes. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide secure bicycle racks and/or storage near the building entrance and at construction staging locations. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide bicycle storatge spaces as well as shower and changing facilities for employees. | Encourages use of bicycles. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install signage to ensure bikes remain visible and maintain an image of ""bikes belong here."" | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Encourage transit agencies to provide bicycle friendly buses and trains. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Creating a well-connected airport that is serviced by a variety of transportation options will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Local transit options which incorporate bicycle racks allow users to travel via a multimodal experience thereby potentially increasing the amount of users the system can serve. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Participate in a bike sharing program. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Creating a well-connected airport that is serviced by a variety of transportation options will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Bicycle sharing networks can encourage occupants to utilize alternative transportation options thru providing a resource for short trips without the hassle of ownership/maintenance. Additionally, bicycle sharing networks allow for a greater flexibility of trips than users may have with local bus/train services. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide incentives such as rebates and/or preferred parking for staff vanpools/carpools. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Encouraging users to carpool will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Carsharing programs are enhanced when multiple incentives, such as preferred parking, discounts, or ride-share boards/services, are offered. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide infrastructure and support programs to facilitate shared vehicle usage such as carpool drop-off areas, car-share services, ride boards, and shuttle services to mass transit. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Encouraging users to carpool will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Carsharing programs are enhanced when multiple incentives, such as preferred parking, discounts, or ride-share boards/services, are offered. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Support the implementation of vanpooling services for all airport agencies and vendors. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Coordinate carpooling to construction sites (set up schedules and incentives based on locations). | Carpooling incentives cut down on both traffic congestion and emissions at a construction site. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Bus construction workers into the construction site from consolidated vehicle parking/staging areas to reduce security checkpoint delays and emissions from individual riders and vehicle idling. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide incentives for shared rides in taxis. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Increasing transit ridership among employees by implementing programs such as transit awareness day, guaranteed ride home, etc. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Encourage telecommuting and off-site work. | Where feasible, an airport operator may allow employees to telecommute from home to reduce the number of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) to and from the airport. Telecommuting would involve allowing employees on an occasional routine or non-routine basis to conduct tasks that do not require face-to-face contact from home, including telephone calls and meetings, emails, electronic administrative and technical tasks, and paperwork. An airport operator may develop and implement a policy for telecommuting and establish a procedure for approving requests and monitoring productivity. This strategy may be feasible for some higher-level administrative, technical, or other positions where work can be performed independently and does not require continual management oversight. Following this strategy should have relatively low cost, although the airport operator may choose to provide resources (e.g., laptop computer, access to high-speed internet) to employees to facilitate the ability to work from home. There is no expected pay back since this strategy does not save costs for the airport operator. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,2;9,3 | Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), Los Angeles, California Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG), Denver, Colorado | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Support the use of flexible or non-traditional work hours by airport agencies and vendors. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Purchase, operate and maintain alternatively-fueled, electric, and hybrid vehicles. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Encouraging users to carpool will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Carsharing programs are enhanced when multiple incentives, such as preferred parking, discounts, or ride-share boards/services, are offered. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,1 | John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), New York, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Replace conventional gasoline-based equipment with alternative-fuel based equipment, including biodiesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), hybrid electric, fuel cell, hydrogen, or liquid petroleum gas (L | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use alternatively-fueled and/or hybrid construction vehicles. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Encouraging contractors to provide alternative-fuel/hybrid vehicles for their fleet will help to reduce impacts on the environment for all construction activities. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide airport employees with access to a hybrid and/or alternatively-fueled vehicle sharing program. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. By providing staff with access to alternative-fuel/hybrid carsharing programs, staff will have expanded transportation options that may help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Staff may be able to take public transit to work while still having access to alternative-fuel/hybrid vehicles for short trips/errands during the workday. Carsharing programs are enhanced when multiple incentives, such as preferred parking, discounts, or ride-share boards/services, are offered. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide incentives for hybrid and/or alternatively-fueled vehicle purchases/conversions. | For example, provide priority line placement and/or reduced access fees. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use alternatively fueled ground support equipment (GSE), generators, and shuttle buses. | The conversion of ground service equipment (GSE) fleets to equipment that uses alternative fuels, such as electric vehicles or those that use natural gas, is a relatively cost effective way to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At many airports, the majority of GSE are owned by tenants, largely airlines, so an airport operator may not have direct control over purchasing. However, an operator may promote the conversion of GSE to alternative fuels, which will reduce emissions of not only GHGs, but also other pollutants, including criteria pollutants. As with landside tenant fleets, the largest hurdle to the use of alternative fuels for GSE fleets is the need for fueling infrastructure. An airport operator may construct this infrastructure, such as electric charging stations or natural gas fueling stations, thus significantly reducing the initial capital required for a tenant to convert its GSE to alternative fuels. An operator may begin by evaluating sources of alternative fuels in the vicinity of the airport to determine which fuels are the most appropriate. If outside funding is desired (e.g., Federal Aviation Administration Voluntary Airport Low Emissions Program funding), it should be sought early in the planning phase. Alternatively, an operator may impose policy changes to promote the use of alternative fuels in GSE fleets. For example, an operator may include the use of alternative fuels for a portion or all of a tenant's GSE fleet as a contractual obligation. Another policy program an operator may implement is to require that a certain percentage of GSE using the airfield be alternatively fueled. The promotion of GSE conversion to alternatively fueled equipment requires coordination across departments. Collaboration with tenants is essential for a successful program of alternatively-fueled GSE. A strong airport-based advocate for the conversion is critical to the program's success. As an initial step, an operator may conduct an inventory of GSE at the airport and then create specific goals for GSE conversion to alternative fuels. The capital cost to construct fueling infrastructure is significant, although in many cases funding may be available from multiple sources. However, this capital is not necessary to implement policy changes that may promote the use of alternative fuels in tenant GSE fleets, if alternative fuel is already available. Policy changes, while relatively inexpensive, do not impart a cost savings. Therefore, there is no payback period. This practice may result in operations and maintenance cost savings from reduced fuel costs. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington El Paso International Airport (ELP), El Paso, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide preferred parking and/or discounted parking rates for hybrid and/or alternatively-fueled vehicles. | An airport operator may provide preferential or discounted parking for alternative fueled vehicles (AFVs), such as hybrid electric vehicles or vehicles fueled by compressed natural gas (CNG), for both airport employees and airport patrons. This incentive may increase the use of AFVs at the airport and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with gasoline and diesel combustion in vehicles. The reserved parking could be located in the most desirable locations for airport users (e.g., close to elevators/stairs) to encourage transport to and from the airport via an AFV that emits fewer GHG emissions than a conventionally-fueled vehicle. An official policy supported by enforcement will aid successful implementation of this strategy. Discounts for passengers may also be used as an incentive to encourage the use of AFVs. An official list of which vehicles qualify as an AFV, combined with clear signage, will also prevent confusion regarding who can park in the designated spaces. The list of acceptable vehicles should be coordinated with local policies. The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) also provides a list of AFVs as part of their Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program. This strategy presents a relatively low cost to the airport operator, other than time to plan for and implement reassignment of selected parking spaces, the addition of appropriate signage, and enforcement. If the airport operator chooses to install chargers for electric plug-in vehicles, this would increase the cost. There is no payback to the airport operator as this strategy does not result in cost savings. If a discounted parking fee is included in the incentive, it could result in somewhat decreased parking revenues for the airport operator. There are no operational and maintenance costs associated with this practice. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop preferred parking and/or lot locations for rental fleets that offer alternatively-fueled rental vehicles. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Creating an incentive for rental companies and customers that utilize alternative-fuel vehicles will help drive market use of these products. This will help to reduce impacts on the environment. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,2;4,2;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install biodiesel and ethanol fuel refueling stations. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install electric vehicle charging stations. | Automobiles contribute a significant amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere each year. Airports should strive to promote the use of alternative transportation options for both staff, passengers, and contractors. Creating a well-connected airport that is serviced by a variety of transportation options will help to reduce impacts on the environment and demand for on-site parking options. Alternative-fuel charging stations provides an amenity to staff and visitors with these vehicles. Additionally, these charging stations are a visible indicator to the public of the facility"s sustainable initiatives in action. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,1;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,1;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install compressed natural gas (CNG) refueling stations. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Transport visitors and passengers between parking lots and terminals using electric golf carts. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | San Antonio International Airport (SAT), San Antonio, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Develop a reduced vehicle idling plan. | An airport operator may reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and criteria pollutant emissions from airport fleet vehicles, passenger, commercial, and construction vehicles by reducing overall operational time (idling time) by establishing and enforcing a reduced vehicle idling plan. A plan may include the following: • Installing idle reduction technologies on vehicles such as automatic shut-off devices, battery-powered auxiliary power systems (APS) and fuel-fired heaters; • Posting signs in common idle areas (e.g., cell phone parking lots) alerting operators to the no-idle policy; • Ensuring that construction activities do not require vehicle idling; • Preventing idling within 100 feet of a sensitive receptor, such as air intake units; and • Setting an idling time limit. All of these activities may be enforced through inspections and fines. Contractors may also be required to keep a vehicle idling inspection log; the submission of the log to the airport operator may be tied to payment. A reduced vehicle idling plan is mostly a behavior change policy that has low capital and implementation costs. Any payback period would be dependent on the success of the program; less idling results in lower fuel usage and costs. Given the low capital costs, a very quick payback may be realized. There are no operational and maintenance costs associated with this practice. Some staff effort may be required to enforce the plan. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), Los Angeles, California Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Turn off vehicle engines if they will be left idle for more than three minutes (or other airport-specified time limit). | This could include issuing notices on the negative impacts of excessive vehicle idling and/or fines for vehicles that are left idle for long periods. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Issue notices or fines to vehicle operators who leave vehicles idle for excessive periods. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure that no vehicle idling occurs within 100 feet of a sensitive receptor area, such as air intakes. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Post no-idling signs. | Signs remind vehicle operators to turn off vehicles whenever possible. Post signs in construction areas. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install idling reduction technologies. | The engine start/stop technology that reduces idling should maintain engine oil temperature. Considerations should also be given to construction vehicles. | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install automatic engine start/stop technology that reduces idling but maintains engine oil temperature. | These technologies provide for driver comfort and reduced maintenance. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide a commercial vehicle holding area. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Implement an on-demand system for taxi management. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Purchase and install vehicle air fresheners, placards, stickers, and/or decals (non-toxic) that promote and remind vehicle operators of a ""no-idling"" or ""engines off"" campaign. | Limiting unnecessary vehicle idling improves air quality and saves drivers money. Idling a light-duty vehicle 5 to 10 minutes per day amounts to burning nearly two tanks of fuel per year. And, idling for just one minute produces as much carbon monoxide as smoking three packs of cigarettes. Many cities and counties have implemented anti-idling programs that may apply to airport, commercial, and public vehicles operating around the airport. Installing signage at the airport will remind vehicle operators to turn engines off, helping to conserve fuel and reduce emissions. Preference should be given to installing signage in cell phone waiting lots, curbsides, commercial vehicle holding areas, taxi staging areas, and other areas prone to idling. Air fresheners, bumper stickers, placards, and decals are valuable tools to help promote an ‘engines off’ campaign. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Denver International Airport (DEN), Denver, Colorado | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide training and post flyers to encourage eco-friendly driving habits. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Design roadways to meet long life pavement design criteria. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use asphalt containing recycled tires and/or roofing shingles. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design roadway lanes for use by high-occupancy vehicles (HOVs), including appropriate turning lane dimensions. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use warm-mix asphalt instead of hot mix asphalt. | An airport operator may use warm mix asphalt (WMA) in place of hot mix asphalt for various paving operations, including parking lots, taxiways, runways, and aprons. The use of WMA lowers greenhouse gas (GHG) and other air pollutant emissions during production and reduces energy consumption and thus GHG emissions, by lowering the temperature at which asphalt mixtures are produced and placed. WMA mixtures have comparable performance as hot mix asphalt. It is reported that use of WMA can reduce GHG emissions 20 to 60 percent compared to hot mix asphalt applications. The best business case for adopting WMA is the reduced viscosity of WMA. Reduced viscosity can alleviate compaction problems associated with cool weather, reduce compaction equipment needs at the job site, and lower the risk of poor compaction when working with stiff mixtures. Each roller pass over the asphalt provides more compaction, reducing the total number of roller passes needed to achieve a specific density. Construction schedules can often be expedited due to improved workability, which also reduces GHG emissions from reduced fuel usage. In addition, lower viscosity generally results in better workability and a less sticky mixture that may result in higher-quality construction. Stiff mixes, such as those using highly modified binders or those incorporating a large percentage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), can be made easier to work and compact by the addition of WMA technology. For the airport operator, the use of WMA may reduce the emissions from construction equipment needed to compact the asphalt. Improved workability, due to the ability of the asphalt to remain viable for longer periods of time, may also allow for longer haul distances, although increased haul distance would increase emissions from haul trucks. In addition, the WMA product itself may have fewer emissions associated with its production and overall life cycle. Other benefits include fewer gaseous emissions and odors than hot mix asphalt during actual implementation, which improves working conditions. An airport operator may specify the use of WMA in design documents and specifications. Long-term performance of WMA technologies is still relatively unknown as WMA technologies are too recent to have field performance data in any significant quantity although laboratory tests indicate that long-term performance will be satisfactory. WMA has been used at more than 10 airports in Europe over the last decade. More recently, WMA was used at Boston Logan International Airport in Boston, MA through coordination with and approval from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The use of WMA may involve increased costs associated with equipment modification and possible royalty fees (such as in the use of warm asphalt mix (WAM)-Foam). However, according to Massport, WMA uses 20 percent less energy to fabricate because it is heated to approximately 75 to 50 degrees than traditional asphalt, which translates into lower energy costs in the use of WMA. The payback associated with WMA varies depending on the size of the project. Generally, airports have reported that WMA uses less energy, fuel, and requires less overall time required to complete. This practice has the same operational and maintenance costs as hot-mix asphalt. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Ramara, Ontario, Canada Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts Frankfurt Airport (FRA), Frankfurt, Germany | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use at least 50 percent recycled aggregate in roadbase materials. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use at least 25 percent recycled aggregate in cement or asphalt bound pavement materials. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use at least 25 percent replacement of Portland cement with suitable supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in all concrete pavements, curbs and gutters, and sidewalks. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Specify the use of blended (ASTM C595) and/or Performance Specified (ASTM C1157) cements for all Portland cement concrete pavements, sidewalks, and curbs and gutters. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Reduce the total Portland cement content to a maximum of 470 pounds per cubic yard for all pavements, sidewalks, and curbs and gutters. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and implement sustainable landscaping guidelines/specifications that require plantings to be low-maintenance, drought resistant, and native species that are non-wildlife attracting. | Xeriscaping is one potential strategy. Have the building service contractors provide a monthly log of all of the low-impact landscape management techniques implemented. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Contact the local U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) county extension agent for suggestions on plantings to reduce water consumption, lower maintenance costs, enhance aesthetics, etc. | Native and adapted species of plants require less irrigation than non-native species which can save significant costs in the long run. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Substitute vegetated surfaces (non-wildlife attracting) for impervious surfaces. | Vegetated areas reduce the heat island effect through plant transpiration. They retain stormwater and shade dark-colored impervious surfaces. Choose vegetation that does not attract wildlife. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Plant trees and other vegetation (non-wildlife attracting) to retain stormwater and shade dark-colored impervious surfaces. | Trees and other vegetation create shade that can help reduce the urban heat island effect, retain stormwater, lessen noise impacts, improve air quality, and provide aesthetic benefits such as softening concrete infrastructure. Per Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular 150/520033B, Hazardous Wildlife Attractants on or Near Airports, the airport must choose vegetation species carefully to not attract wildlife. Planting trees and other vegetation may decrease the need for air conditioning during hot summer months and/or keep buildings warm by blocking cold winds in the winter. Additionally, carbon sequestration provides an opportunity for the airport to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by planting trees and other vegetation. The cost of planting trees and vegetation at an airport will vary greatly depending on the scale. This practice would result in some operational and maintenance costs associated with maintaining additional landscaping. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,3 | Boston-Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Minimize disturbed landscape areas and keep pre-existing topography, terrain, trees and vegetation (non-wildlife attracting) intact whenever feasible. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require the contractor(s) to develop a plan to protect existing vegetation during all construction activities. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Protect vegetation from damage due to run-off or spillage during mixing and placement of construction materials using temporary fencing, barricades, and guards. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use clean-cut or trenchless technology when installing utility conduits to minimize surface disruption; tunnel under or around tree roots by hand digging or boring. | This can eliminate the need to remove sections of streets, sidewalks and lawns and can avoid tree loss and tree root damage. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Purchase off-site, prefabricated assemblies to avoid the need for on-site fabrication equipment. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require that all vegetation that has to be removed be chipped for on-site mulching or composting (if the plant or tree cannot be relocated, sold, or donated intact). | Removed vegetation could also be used for process fuel. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Collect grass clippings for composting or mulching or set the lawn mower to release (rather than bag) clippings. | Composing/mulching can reduce the amount of fertilizer that would need to be applied. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Donate healthy plants and trees removed during construction to the community. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Donate money to an organization that plants trees/vegetation to offset impacts to existing vegetation. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install artificial turf to reduce maintenance labor and traffic, the presence of hazardous wildlife and foreign object debris, to accommodate emergency response, and to enhance pilot recognition of no | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Specify non-toxic fertilizer and maintenance materials for initial plant establishment. | Have the building service contractors provide a monthly log of all of the low-impact landscape management techniques implemented. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Spot treat landscape problem areas instead of chemically treating a larger area than necessary. | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide structured parking in lieu of paved surface lots to reduce stormwater runoff and the heat island effect. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use pavement materials that have a high Solar Reflectance Index (at least 29). | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform a soil and climate analysis to determine the appropriate landscape strategy. | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a high-efficiency slow-drip, sub-soil irrigation system (if irrigation is a necessity) that uses non-potable water and has an automated linkage to meteorological data. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Top-dress plant root zones and soil with mulch and compost to decrease fertilizer needs, retain moisture, and control erosion. | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a wildlife hazard control plan. | The plan should specify and maintain all vegetated areas of the airport. These areas should be maintained so that they do not provide attractants to wildlife potentially hazardous to airport operations. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and implement an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plan. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish a non-toxic wildlife control program. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an avian radar system to improve aviation safety, security surveillance, environmental management, weather detection, and wind measurement. | Avian radars help protect against wildlife hazards, with birds the most common hazard and the primary focus of aviation safety. The proper management of birds on and around airports can do much to reduce the risk of bird strikes. Specific radar-based detection systems have been developed to assist with monitoring bird movements in support of an airport’s Wildlife Hazard Management Plan (WHMP) and the surveillance of airspace to identify potential threats to the safe operation of aircraft. The avian radars can be used in a surveillance mode for providing coverage of approach and departure corridors at an airport. This surveillance can improve the understanding of bird movement dynamics in critical corridors and help in assessing the real threat to aircraft safety posed by birds. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,1;7,2;8,2;9,2 | Seattle Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use falconry to control bird activity. | Falconry to control bird activity includes a traditional falconer using specific falconry techniques for the purpose of wildlife management. Unlike raptors trained for sport or hunting, abatement raptors are trained to continually haze instead of kill pest birds. This is the recommended type of falconry to use for bird management. There are many benefits of using falconry at airports. For example, it is a natural biological method, no chemicals are used, it is economical, has minimal noise intrusion, effective, lasting results, and has a favorable public response. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,4 | Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Maintain (i.e., mow) airfield sites to prevent use by wildlife that is hazardous to aircraft. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use electric lawn mowers to reduce the level of noise and air pollution generated by traditional gasoline-powered mowers. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use organic or bio-based fertilizers and pesticides if landscape treatment is necessary. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use non-potable hot water (heated to 210 degrees Fahrenheit/94 degrees Celsius) to kill vegetation in pavement cracks instead of herbicides. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Control vegetation using grazing animals. | Goats, sheep, and other grazing animals have been utilized as a creative, natural method to control vegetation and remove weeds at airports; they reduce spray of herbicides, lower the carbon footprint of vegetation management, reduce habitat for wildlife hazardous to airport operations, and can be used as a form of fire control. Preferred grazing sites include hilly areas along creeks or streams and roadway right-of ways that are overcrowded with dense scrub vegetation that’s difficult to maintain with traditional landscaping equipment. Using goats on airport property for vegetation control may help achieve the following economic, operational, environmental, and social benefits: • Economic: decreases landscape maintenance costs, including fuel, labor, herbicides, and equipment; eliminates mowing/landscape debris and transportation of debris to landfills. • Operational: helps maintain wetlands, slopes, steep embankments, ditches, rocky and wooded areas where mowing or spraying are difficult and expensive; reduces habitat for wildlife that may be hazardous to airport operations; clears poison ivy, poison oak and other noxious weeds. • Environmental: provides an alternative to toxic herbicides; reduces emissions caused by the use of lawnmowers, trimmers, and weed-eaters. • Social: generates community interest, positive press, and provide an educational opportunity. Prior to implementation, the airport/contractor should travel to and survey the potential grazing site(s) identified to ensure access, fencing, noise concerns, and health and safety. The contractor or airport staff should be present with the herd to ensure their health and safety. The airport should give preference to grazing animals that were once rescued from inhumane treatment. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,2;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,4 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Avoid the creation of natural open water features on or near airfield sites that attract wildlife. | Natural open water features may increase wildlife strikes. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use perforated underground drains/drain pipe or dry wells to provide infiltration without creating inundated areas that may attract hazardous wildlife. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install bird deterrent wires or other mechanisms to prevent waterfowl from using area water bodies. | Bird deterrent wires could be made of para-aramid synthetic fiber (i.e., Kevlar). | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install vegetated green roofs. | Vegetated green roofs help increase storm water retention, filtration, and evaporation in predominantly impervious airport areas. They reduce urban heat islands and improve thermal insulation, helping the airport reduce heating and cooling costs. Green roofs also reduce noise inside a building and enhance aesthetics. By protecting a building's roofing membrane from exposure to ultraviolet rays, temperature extremes, and precipitation, a vegetated roof can prolong a typical roof’s lifespan from 15-20 years to 40-50 years. The roof design for a green roof located within an airport environment requires close consideration to prevent Foreign Object Debris (FOD) in an active airspace. Plant species should be carefully selected to reduce the roof's attractiveness to wildlife that is hazardous to airport operations. Sedum species should be considered because of their tolerance to drought, low maintenance, lack of food production (berries or seeds), and deficiency of habitat. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,3;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,3 | O’Hare (ORD) and Midway (MDW) International Airports, Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install high reflectance/high albedo roofing materials with a high solar reflectance index (SRI). | As described in the ASTM E 1980 standard, low-sloped roofs (slope <= 2:12) should have a SRI value of 78 or above; steep-sloped roofs (slope > 2:12) should have a SRI value greater than 29. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install a Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) rated roof product or an Energy Star cool roof with equivalent reluctance and emittance properties. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Apply high reflectance coating to the surface of a conventional roof membrane. | High reflectance coatings decrease solar heat gain through the roof and therefore decrease cooling costs | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,1;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Utilize a combination of vegetated and high albedo roof surfaces. | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use advanced satellite imagery to create a map that identifies hot spots at the airport where urban heat island reduction strategies will have the greatest impact. | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | O'Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Model the site lighting using a computer model to establish a baseline level and evaluate benefits. | Ensure that the maximum candela value of all interior lighting falls within the building (not out through windows) and the maximum candela value of all exterior lighting falls within the property. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Meet or provide lower light levels and uniformity ratios than those recommended by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Recommended Practice Manual: Lighting for Exterior Envi | Ensure that the maximum candela value of all interior lighting falls within the building (not out through windows) and the maximum candela value of all exterior lighting falls within the property. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Monitor lighting systems regularly to maintain proper illumination and minimize lighting where possible (maintain light use for safety, access, and building identification). | Ensure that the maximum candela value of all interior lighting falls within the building (not out through windows) and the maximum candela value of all exterior lighting falls within the property. Ensure that all openings in the building envelope (translucent or transparent) with a direct line of sight to any nonemergency luminaries have shielding that is controlled/closed by an automatic device during late night and early morning hours. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Adopt strict site lighting criteria to maintain appropriate light levels while avoiding off-site lighting and night sky pollution; update lighting criteria periodically in conjunction with seasonal daylight levels | Ensure that all openings in the building envelope (translucent or transparent) with a direct line of sight to any nonemergency luminaries have shielding that is controlled/closed by an automatic device during late night and early morning hours. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Focus light toward the earth to minimize night-sky pollution. | Ensure that all openings in the building envelope (translucent or transparent) with a direct line of sight to any nonemergency luminaries have shielding that is controlled/closed by an automatic device during late night and early morning hours. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Limit lighting in protected ecological areas to mitigate lighting impacts on wildlife. | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize full cutoff luminaries, low-reflectance, non-specular surfaces and low-angle spotlights for roadway and building lighting. | Ensure that all openings in the building envelope (translucent or transparent) with a direct line of sight to any nonemergency luminaries have shielding that is controlled/closed by an automatic device during late night and early morning hours. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop greenbelts along the airport perimeter as an attractive light and noise buffer between the airport and the community. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use High Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps instead of Metal Halide (MH) lamps. | HPS Lamps produce more lumens per watt, have less mercury content per lamp, and have a greater average rated life expectancy than MH lamps. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install low-temperature fluorescents and/or solar powered fixtures for exterior lighting. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use high frequency electronic ballasts with fluorescent 2, 4, and 8-foot Tubular lamps that do not contain mercury. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install self-dimming fluorescent lamp ballasts. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install recyclable lamps and provide recycling information for all luminaries. | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish a schedule for when construction lighting is required and develop a policy to reduce lighting when not needed. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and utilize a systems commissioning plan. | Implement or have a contract in place to implement best practice commissioning procedures. Review the design intent and the basis of design documentation for proper systems commissioning. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Engage a commissioning team that does not include individuals directly responsible for project design or construction management to evaluate both building and site systems as part of the commissioning | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Identify an individual to lead the commissioning process early on. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish and follow commissioning requirements to ensure optimal performance of the following systems: central building automation; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment; lighti | Implement or have a contract in place to implement best practice commissioning procedures. Review the design intent and the basis of design documentation for proper systems commissioning. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Establish and follow systems commission requirements for runway lighting and illuminated signage, runway navigational aids, runway site lighting systems, traffic signals, pump stations, and oil/water | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Incorporate commissioning requirements into construction documents. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Complete a systems commissioning report that contains the information required for recommissioning and provide it to the airport owner in a single manual. | A system commissioning report will help with future retrocommissioning efforts which will save time and costs. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,3;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Recommission energy systems when building energy usage deviates from the planned energy usage or as part of any building modification or addition. | An airport operator may choose to recommission the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems periodically to identify opportunities that result in reduced energy use and thus, reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recommissioning the HVAC system may verify that the installation, calibration, and performance of the specific building are performing efficiently. Recommissioning the HVAC and associated control systems may include on-site testing and analysis of the systems, developing a recommissioning plan, forming a project team, developing performance baselines, developing recommissioning measures based on system tests, implementing recommissioning measures, and documenting energy savings and measurements. An airport operator may also choose to schedule upcoming recommissioning (e.g., yearly, bi-yearly, every five years, etc.). On-site testing and analysis would involve a commissioning authority reviewing the existing HVAC system and the appropriate drawings and specifications. An airport operator may want to provide the appropriate maintenance or service staff to assist the commissioning authority and provide useful input as to how the systems operate. A recommissioning plan may then be established. This would involve establishing which systems would be evaluated and how they would be evaluated. This may be specific to each individual airport and facility, depending on size, layout and complexity of the system. The airport operator’s project requirements, basis of design, and any other pertinent information may also be useful for review by the commissioning authority. A project team may then be formed. The team would consist of engineers, designers, manufacturers, or others who have in depth knowledge and experience with the type of systems that may be recommissioned. An airport operator may seek to have the project team be independent of the airport staff and designer/installer of the HVAC system. The project team may then develop a performance baseline for which to compare the actual system with. This may be done by performing energy simulations of the system and building to get an expected (baseline) performance. The actual systems and equipment may then be tested, measuring energy consumption rates. This result can then be compared with that of the expected (baseline) performance. Any discrepancies would then be noted. Systems consuming more energy than expected may then be examined further. The commissioning authority may wish to verify that the equipment and associated controls are installed and programmed correctly, and then examine possible ways to improve its efficiency. This may be as simple as changing control set points within the system’s Building Automation System (BAS) or as complex as identifying if new, energy efficient equipment may need to be installed. An airport operator may choose to regularly schedule recommissioning activities to ensure that the systems are getting examined and studied on a consistent basis. Financial considerations include hiring a commissioning authority to evaluate the systems, collect data, form a project team and ultimately recommission the HVAC systems. Ideally, this work would be done by an authority independent of the airport operator and the designer/installer of the system(s). Recommissioning generally results in immediate to moderate payback, depending on the size of the energy systems and opportunities for enhanced efficiencies. Improving energy efficiency results in reduced operational, maintenance, and energy costs due to reduced staff needs and improved facility functioning. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | The Arthur M. Blank Family Office (AMBFO), Atlanta, Georgia Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas Hawaii Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Include airport facility operators and users in design teams to insure installed equipment is used as intended (e.g., heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems). | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Acquire manufacturer documentation and guarantee of installations, projected results, and in-situ performance criteria to compare to standard performance results as part of systems commissioning. | Evaluating system performance will help ensure that systems run optimally | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Meet or exceed the local Energy Conservation Code. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design buildings and site systems to comply with ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 or later. | This practice is also applicable to runways, civil/stormwater and roadways/rail. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop a Strategic Energy Management Plan using input from maintenance staff. | An airport operator may develop a Strategic Energy Management Plan (SEMP) to analyze various energy improvement options and select actions that will yield the greatest benefit to the airport over the short- and long-term horizons. In addition to reducing energy usage and costs, a SEMP will assist the airport to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improve public image and leadership position, provide energy independence, buffer against volatile energy markets, and advance the markets for energy improvement technologies to reduce future costs. Components of a SEMP may include: • Energy audits: evaluate existing HVAC equipment and behavior procedures to develop a list of energy conservation measures (ECMs); • Cogeneration/Trigeneration analysis: determine the applicability of a cogeneration or trigeneration system to meet the airport's heating, cooling, and electrical needs; • Renewable energy feasibility studies: examine various renewable energy systems and determine which are feasible at the airport; • Life cycle cost assessments (LCCA): provide LCCAs for all feasible ECMs, cogeneration/trigeneration systems, and renewable energy systems; • Carbon impact evaluations: provide projected carbon impacts for all feasible energy improvement actions in terms of ""metric tons of carbon reduced"" and ""cost per metric ton of carbon reduced""; • Regulatory analysis: evaluate regulatory and legal implications related to implementing the feasible ECMs, cogeneration/trigeneration systems, and renewable energy systems, including existing and emerging GHG regulations; • Fuel source reliability assessment: analyze the reliability of local, regional, national, and global fuel sources to build flexibility into the airport's SEMP and other operational plans; • Financial incentive evaluation: investigate available grants, tax incentives, accelerated depreciation options, loans, and opportunities for energy performance contracts and green power purchasing agreements; • Ranking system: using pre-established criteria, such as payback period, GHG reduction potential, implementation timeframe, and airport control, all feasible energy improvement actions can be prioritized; • Framework for measuring progress: develop a strategy for measuring progress of selected energy improvement actions, such as integrating tracking of energy improvements into existing information, environmental, sustainability, and/or asset management systems, so that gaps and additional opportunities may be identified. The main goal of the SEMP is to develop a capital plan that allocates funding for selected projects over a time period of 10 to 20 years. For example, ECMs and projects with short payback periods may be implemented immediately and a portion of the savings may be used to fund larger energy improvement projects in subsequent years. The capital plan may also be synergistic with milestones such as airport development plans, regulatory compliance deadlines, grant application deadlines and contract renegotiations with energy providers. By planning strategically, an airport may move forward with an efficient, effective, and defensible plan for improving energy and GHG management. Capital investment to develop a SEMP will vary depending on the components included in the study, the number of facilities included in the evaluation, level of existing data, and the extent to which the airport can contribute to the effort with in-house staff. For example, an airport may decide to develop a SEMP that only focuses on energy conservation and does not include cogeneration/trigeneration or renewable energy systems. Alternatively, an airport may have already conducted an energy audit and only requires a synthesis of the data with financial and regulatory analyses. In addition, an airport may enter into an energy performance contract with a third party (typically an energy service company or ESCO) to lessen the initial upfront capital burden. There is no direct payback for developing a SEMP. However, the initiatives resulting from the plan would likely have immediate to moderate paybacks. There would be no operational and maintenance costs associated with the SEMP. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Perform a baseline energy audit and conduct and implement recommendations from an energy audit periodically (e.g., every four years). | By performing regular energy audits, an airport operator may identify opportunities for energy conservation measures. Regular energy audits may ensure that the building’s mechanical and electrical systems are running efficiently and cost effectively. An energy auditor may evaluate the facility envelope, mechanical, electrical, renewable energy, and all other energy consumption systems. The facility’s envelope evaluation may focus on wall/roof/floor construction, insulation, windows/doors/skylights and building orientation. By evaluating the facility envelope, an airport operator would identify if the facility was minimizing energy consumption, and may identify ways in which to improve the envelope. Such improvements may include replacing existing windows with high performance windows, which may reduce the facility’s energy consumption and lower energy costs. The facility’s mechanical systems may include the heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems (HVAC) as well as domestic hot water systems. An energy audit may evaluate the boilers, air handling units, chillers, condensers, hot water heaters, radiators, fans, cooling towers, pumps, and/or other HVAC or domestic hot water related appurtenances. The complexity of these systems, and their controls systems, may cause an airport operator to be unaware of parts or equipment that may be failing or underperforming. The facility’s electrical systems may include such items as lighting (interior and exterior), office equipment (e.g., computers, phones, copiers, etc.), and/or other electrical equipment. An audit may identify if lighting systems are sized appropriately and identify a payback period if an airport operator converted to high efficiency fluorescent lighting fixtures. An energy audit may also allow an airport operator to identify if existing renewable energy systems are performing efficiently. An airport operator may also evaluate actual payback periods and energy consumption reduction. Another important aspect of an energy audit is identifying available grants, incentives, and funding sources. There are many avenues of attaining financial assistance if an airport operator seeks to reduce the facility’s GHG emissions. Such assistance may come from the local, state and/or federal level authorities, or private entities. An energy audit may also make use of building simulation software, which is commonly used when evaluating an existing building. An airport operator may seek to model the facility using simulation software that can estimate the facility’s energy consumption and associated costs. This software can also provide comparative energy/cost analyses when an airport operator is trying to identify exactly which systems are to be upgraded and how they will be implemented. The cost of performing an energy audit is minimal, especially when compared to the potential savings that may result. An audit may include a mechanical and/or electrical engineer surveying the facility, its envelope and mechanical/electrical systems. This may take less than a week, depending on the size and complexity of the facility. General energy audits cost between $0.20 to $0.24 US cents per square foot. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use a computer simulation model to assess energy performance and identify the most cost effective energy measures. | Traditional methods of building design include modeling the projected energy use of the building to ensure that all local, state, and federal building energy codes are met. Although the energy models used for this purpose successfully assist architects and engineers in designing a regulatory compliant building, they often lack the detail needed to determine the best strategies for reducing the energy demand of a building. As an alternative, architects and engineers may utilize more sophisticated energy models to test various energy efficient technologies and scenarios to minimize the energy demand of the building. Potential energy models include eQuest, Visual DOE, EZ DOE, HAP, Trane-Trace, EZ Sim, and Trane System Analyzer. The information provided by the energy models would allow decision-makers to select the energy efficiency technologies that yield the highest energy and cost savings. The energy saved by an efficient building compared to a building designed only to the code standards equates to cost savings and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The more detailed energy models may require the purchase of license. Additional design labor is required to run the higher-level energy models and analyze the data. Training may also be required for use of new software. Significant energy savings may be realized during the lifetime of the building as a result of detailed energy modeling during the building design, resulting in a relatively short payback period. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Indianapolis International Airport (IND), Indianapolis, Indiana Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install a motor efficiency controller in escalators and automated people movers/moving walkways to reduce energy consumption. | Several technologies have emerged that improve energy efficiency of elevators, escalators, and autowalks or moving walkways. Many of these technologies are based on replacing traditional geared traction and hydraulic drives with energy-efficient mechanisms, reducing stand-by energy, improving lighting efficiency, and varying speeds and overall energy usage dependent on load. The typical design of alternating current motors for escalators assumes an escalator is fully loaded, which may be with two riders per step. Realistically, escalators usually operate with fewer riders. This assumption is inefficient and wastes energy. Motor controllers result in improved escalator efficiency without changing its speed or stopping it. Another way to reduce time on for systems such as moving walks is to use motion sensors. Purchasing elevator and autowalk technologies can also decrease energy demand. Energy-efficient elevator and escalator technologies decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and can also lead to decreased maintenance requirements, less downtime and increased safety. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,1 | Denver International Airport (DEN), Denver, Colorado New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority – New York City (NYC), New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop and implement a Lighting System Energy Conservation Program. | An airport operator may reduce energy demand and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a comprehensive lighting system upgrade. Energy Star, a voluntary government and industry partnership began by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), created a guide to assist businesses and consumers in upgrading their facilities to make them more energy efficient. The EPA recommends lighting upgrades as one of the first stages businesses should take in upgrading all systems at their facility to increase the financial and environmental benefits realized. To ensure that a lighting upgrade leads to an effective and efficient system, airport operators are encouraged to follow these key guidelines: • Begin the process with an analysis of existing lighting systems to evaluate the energy conservation needs of the facility. • Design the system to get the appropriate amount of light for the tasks to be performed in the space in question. • Use daylight whenever possible but avoid direct sunlight, and install controls to reduce the use of electrical lights in response to daylight. The use of interior lighting shelves may increase the use of natural light. • Use the most efficient light source for the application: high-performance fluorescent systems as the primary light source for most commercial spaces; compact fluorescent lamps in place of incandescent bulbs in most cases; and high-intensity discharge lamps where appropriate. • Use automatic controls to turn lights off or dim lights as appropriate. • Plan for and carry out the commissioning of all lighting systems to ensure that they are performing as required and create a periodically scheduled retrocommissioning of the facility’s systems. • Design lighting systems with ongoing maintenance in mind and include a comprehensive plan for group re-lamping, fixture cleaning and proper disposal of old lamps and ballasts. • Consider the opportunities for delamping in existing facilities where applicable. • Upgrade lighting fixtures with high efficiency fixtures. For example, convert T12 lamps with T8 or super T8 lamps. LED lights may also be used in building signage, such as the exit signs. The cost of a lighting program depends on the types of measures an airport operator implements. Lower cost measures may include the price of replacing incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent (CF) bulbs and/or retrofitting fluorescent fixtures with ones that would reduce the electric power needed. Higher cost measures would be replacing or retrofitting existing signage fixtures with light-emitting diode (LED) signs (approximately $540 per retrofitted sign), installing daylighting sensors and timers for interior and exterior lighting (which may include the cost of professional assistance) and/or installing occupancy sensors to turn off lights when the space is unoccupied. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,2 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California T.F. Green Airport (PVD), Warwick, Rhode Island | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Specify energy efficiency requirements for equipment in contract agreements. | When updating information technology, HVAC or other equipment, an airport operator may include conditions in contract agreements with tenants and vendors or in design specifications and documents for projects that require the purchase of equipment with the lowest energy consumption over the lifetime of the equipment. Improving energy efficiency of equipment reduces energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Incorporating energy efficiency requirements for equipment in contract and project documents is expected to have minimal costs to the airport operator. The capital costs would be related to the time needed to develop the contract language. The energy efficiency requirement may cause an increase in the capital costs of equipment because the more efficient unit may be more expensive than its counterpart. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas Indianapolis International Airport (IND), Indianapolis, Indiana Miami International Airport (MIA), Miami, Florida | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop energy performance contracting partnerships. | An airport operator may hire a performance contractor to carry out and pre-finance improvement measures with regard to the energy efficiency in major areas such as lighting, HVAC or cogeneration, as well as with renewable energy systems. Compared to traditional project delivery methods, the performance contractors, typically an Energy Service Company (ESCO) provides the capital for improvements. The owner relies on future savings or energy production to fund annual payments to the performance contractor. In this situation, ownership and operation are maintained by the airport operator but the performance contractor assumes the risk of successful implementation including maintenance issues. In addition, any tax incentives, depreciation and other financial incentives are owned by the airport operator, however ownership of any renewable energy credits (RECs) or greenhouse gas (GHG) offsets that may be generated is determined by the terms of the contract. Contracts typically extend over ten years, but there is flexibility in the specific contract terms. An ESCO covers the capital costs of various energy efficiency upgrades and then, in turn, recovers their initial investment through the guaranteed reduced energy costs. An agreement with an ESCO may be beneficial for entities that lack the initial capital investment, but may actually be more expensive in the long run. Although the capital cost will be zero for the airport operator, they will be required to repay the investment in the short-term; however, depending upon the types of contract, the overall net costs should be less than the original energy costs, even with the debt repayment. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Denver International Airport (DEN), Denver, Colorado | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Utilize compact fluorescent light (CFL) bulbs in lieu of incandescent lamps. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Organize lighting circuitry and building systems so that individual areas are separately controlled. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Implement a ""turn off your light and computer"" campaign to raise awareness about unnecessary energy usage. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Integrate occupancy sensors with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) operation. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install occupancy sensors, either infrared (heat detection), ultrasonic (movement detection), or a combination of both, to control lighting in areas that are intermittently occupied (i.e., rest rooms, | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install large revolving doors to create an air lock and reduce heat transfer. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Minimize air infiltration through all exterior openings during heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) operation. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Group flights in a certain part of the concourse during nonpeak hours, allowing the airport to shut off air-conditioning and lighting in unused areas. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design aircraft gates and hold rooms for common use, requiring airlines to use the same passenger processing system, displays, baggage handling, and baggage claim system. | Consolidating facilities can reduce operating costs by decreasing conditioned areas and equipment usage per passenger | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | John Wayne Airport (SNA), Santa Ana, California | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Design aircraft remain over night areas for common use (e.g., so they can serve as cargo ramps during the day and airline parking at night). | Using space for multiple purposes cuts down on the total dimensions of the AOA which allows surplus land to be used for other purposes. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | John Wayne Airport (SNA), Santa Ana, California | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install large electrical cables (larger than required by the National Electric Code) to decrease the cable resistance and reduce energy loss during transmission. | Heavily loaded cables that supply loads that run continuously and run for more than 50 feet are optimal for increased sizing to receive the best payback. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,3;3,1;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install cogeneration or trigeneration systems. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install energy peak shaving units to offset higher demand periods and costs. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an on-airport power generation system. | Helps reduce energy costs, increases energy independence, protects against blackouts, and improves energy efficiency. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,2;5,4;6,2;7,4;8,4;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install an anaerobic digester. | Anaerobic digestion is a process where microorganisms break down organic materials, such as food scraps, manure, and sewage sludge, in the absence of oxygen. Recycling food waste through anaerobic digestion produces biogas and a soil amendment, two valuable products. Biogas, made primarily of methane and carbon dioxide, can be used as a source of energy similar to natural gas. The solid residual should be land applied or composted and used as a soil amendment. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,1;5,4;6,1;7,4;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install LED (light-emitting diode) lighting and signals. | An airport operator may replace traditional runway, taxiway, parking, and facility lighting with high efficiency light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and operations and maintenance equipment and staffing requirements. This reduction action could be combined with the installation of daylight sensors to automatically shut off lights to reduce wasted energy. LEDs have the potential to reduce maintenance costs, increase savings on energy costs, and lower operating voltages. Many airports use a Medium Intensity Approach Lighting System (MALSR), which employs incandescent spot lamps. These lamps are relatively high wattage and require continual maintenance. Under a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) contract, LED-based green runway threshold lamps have been developed for use in the MALSR. Field-testing of LED lamps at the runway threshold has been done at Sky Harbor International Airport in Phoenix and at Grand Forks International Airport in North Dakota. Commercial pilots reported no negative comments about the color, intensity, or other characteristics of the lamps. Estimated capital cost of installing LEDs is based on the assumption that a typical MALSR has approximately 65 incandescent lamps that would need to be replaced with LEDs at a cost of $1,000 per lamp. Additional planning and construction labor costs would be incurred. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | Dane County Regional Airport (DCRA), Madison, Wisconsin Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install a building automation system (BAS). | Installing a Building Automation System (BAS) may allow an airport operator to establish a controls sequence for the mechanical and electrical systems, allowing for a reduction in down time and unnecessary energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Systems that may be controlled by a BAS would include such systems as the heating, ventilating, air conditioning (HVAC) and lighting systems. A BAS allows for equipment to be wired and controlled by a central computer. By centralizing these controls and having all mechanical and/or electrical equipment wired to it, the airport operator is capable of providing schedules, set points, and other controlling tools for the specific operating environment. For HVAC, a BAS allows for an airport operator to provide schedules for the equipment to run. This allows for a change in temperature set points during hours in which an airport may be minimally occupied, thus alleviating the strain on HVAC equipment. BAS scheduling allows for an airport operator to provide schedules for days, nights, weekdays, weekends, holidays and other important scheduling events to optimize the HVAC performance. Also for airports which may have a high variation in building occupancy levels, carbon dioxide detection may be installed within the BAS to allow for the HVAC system to run based on the amount of people within the facility. This would enable the HVAC system to run at minimal levels which would reduce energy consumption. For lighting controls, schedules may also be installed to allow for an airport operator to shut off certain lighting fixtures during certain times. Occupancy sensors may also be installed which would enable lighting fixtures to be on, only when there are occupants within the space. BAS also allows for an airport operator to monitor energy usage during a given time span. By monitoring electric, gas, hot water, chilled water and/or other fueling systems an airport operator may identify which systems are running and at what rate in which they are running. This may enable an airport operator to identify peak operation times and adjust scheduling, set points, and other control inputs accordingly. A BAS may also notify an airport operator when equipment is in alarm or failure mode, by sending these alarms to the central computer. The central computer is also capable of sending out emails, pages, or other alerting devices to appropriate maintenance or airport staff. The financial considerations of a BAS integration are highly variable based upon the existing equipment, layout, and complexity of the mechanical and electrical systems. This integration may be as simple as new wiring and installation of a new central computer, or as complex as actual mechanical and electrical equipment replacement combined with new wiring controls and centralized computer installation. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,3;4,2;5,2;6,3;7,4;8,3;9,3 | The Westin Grand, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Pittsburgh International Airport (PIT), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install daylight harvesting control systems, optimize lighting controls, and integrate lighting systems with building automation systems. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install thermally efficient/high performance glazing and window systems. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Apply thermochromic coatings on buildings. | Thermochromic coatings change color from darker to lighter tones as temperature rises and from lighter to darker tones as temperature falls. During the summer, surfaces painted with thermochromic coatings is highly reflective and maintains a cooler temperature. During the winter, the surfaces become darker and absorbs solar heat. Adding photostabilizers, such as UV absorbers, is recommended to prevent photodegradation of thermochromic coatings. The use of thermochromic coatings can lead to energy savings in buildings and improve the thermal comfort of the indoor environment. Another application of thermochromic coatings is for window glazing. A thermochromic window changes its transmission and reflectance properties at a set temperature. Below that temperature, the window allows solar energy to pass through, but below that temperature the window reflects the infrared (heat) portion of the solar energy. Thermochromic windows can therefore help reduce air conditioning and heating costs and improve building energy efficiency. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,1;6,1;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Improve insulation of the building envelope. | Airport operators should seal penetrations, windows, and roof-ceiling-wall intersections. Seal gaps between windows and walls (do not use sealants that contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs)). Airport operators may improve the building energy performance and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with energy use by selecting or upgrading to appropriate insulating materials for a building envelope. When properly applied, these insulating materials reduce the heat transfer through walls, floors, roofs, and windows. Insulating materials conserves energy by reducing the building’s heat loss or gain, controls surface temperature for comfort, reduces the tendency for water condensation on inside or outside surfaces, and reduces temperature fluctuations in unconditioned or partly conditioned spaces. Building envelope requirements are selected based on the climate zones. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) divides US and international locations into eight different climate zones. The minimum building envelope requirements is determined according to the ASHRAE 90.1 – Energy Standard for Building Except Low-Rise Residential Building or local energy code whichever takes precedence. An airport operator may apply additional energy savings by following ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guidelines. These guidelines provide recommendations as to what materials may be selected to increase building energy performance. For example, an airport located in Houston, Texas which falls in climate zone 2 requires R-15 roof insulation entirely above deck, whereas El Paso, Texas which falls within climate zone 3 is recommended R-20 roof insulation entirely above deck. Similarly, R-7.5 insulation is recommended for below-grade walls in zone 5 whereas there is no insulation recommendation for below-grade walls in zone 1 through 4. R-value is a measure of thermal resistance of the materials. Higher the R- value, better the thermal resistance of the material is. The selection of appropriate value of R-value is based on climatic conditions, building orientation, glazing properties, type and usage of building, material used for building materials. The capital cost of installing insulating material normally ranges from $500 to $2,000 US per 1,000 square foot of insulation. The cost of insulation varies dependent upon whether it is a new design and construction or retrofit. The payback period depends upon the energy savings. In extreme weather conditions, the energy savings could be much higher and payback period could range between 1-5 years. Tax credits and other financial incentives may be available for insulation upgrades. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Juneau International Airport, (JNU), Juneau, Alaska | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Enhance insulation of the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) distribution piping system. | Seal penetrations, windows, and roof-ceiling-wall intersections. Seal gaps between windows and walls (do not use sealants that contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs)). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Convert old steam heating systems to modern hot-water heating systems (preferably passive solar water heating systems). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Evaluate and upgrade the central plant and distribution system equipment. | An airport operator may periodically perform assessments of central plant and distribution systems to ensure the efficiencies of the system. A central plant includes equipment to provide heat only, cooling only, or a combination of heating and cooling. A water system using plant-distributed pumping consists of two loops: a plant loop and a distributed pumping loop connected by a bypass. The plant loop consists of chiller(s), boiler(s), distribution pumps, piping, instrumentations, and controls. Ensuring efficiencies of these systems will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The performance of this equipment can degrade over time and may be updated with more efficient equipment. The instrumentation may not represent the accurate operational data due to inaccuracy. An airport operator may consider the following parameters to ensure the proper operation. • Ensure the efficiency of chillers stay within its design range. Refrigerant leaks can significantly reduce the efficiency of electric chillers. • Ensure the efficiency of boilers stay within its design range. Scaling can reduce the efficiency significantly. • Calibrate the instrumentations for pressure, temperature and flow wherever applicable. • Compare the differential pressure and temperature to make sure it stays within intended range. • Ensure the pump operation by ensuring flow and head are within design range. • Check for pipe losses. • Automate the primary-secondary bypass valve to ensure that the minimum chiller evaporator flow rate is maintained. The cost of performing central plant’s evaluation depends on the size and complexity of the system. A complex chiller plant may have numerous subsystems and equipment that can increase the cost of evaluation. A consistent observation on key elements and systems as mentioned above can provide insight to an airport operator as whether the central plant is operating at its design point. Airport operators may wish to assign maintenance staff to regularly check the key performing elements of the system. Having additional staff may increase the cost of operation and maintenance; however, it can provide significant savings, energy and money, on a longer period. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install direct-drive equipment instead of belt- or gear-driven heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an indirect evaporative and/or evaporative condensing direct expansion (DX) heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system instead of chilled water plant system. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish airside lighting controls and procedures to turn off or reduce the intensity of airside lighting (runway, taxiway and apron lights and navigational aids) when not being used. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Enable pilot controlled lighting for aircraft landing during off-peak hours so that airfield lighting can be turned off at night. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use light colored paints and interiors to reflect lighting. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install interior and exterior shading devices/strategies to filter daylight and control glare (e.g., shades, louvers, blinds, awnings/overhangs, vegetation, etc.). | Solar shading may be achieved through the use of window awnings and sunshades to reduce energy demand of a building. Awnings and sunshades may be installed on any airport building to block direct sunlight and reduce the heat gain during the cooling seasons, while allowing direct sunlight and heat gain during the heating seasons. Reduced heat gain during the cooling seasons decreases the amount of energy needed to cool a building, which results in decreased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Allowing direct sunlight during the heating seasons lets a building take advantage of heat gain to reduce the energy needed to heat the building space. In addition, sunshades are often designed to allow for some natural light without glare to reduce the energy needed for lighting. Awnings and sunshades are typically designed as a horizontal shelf over a window, but sunshades can also be installed vertically in front of a window. Sunshades are usually constructed of aluminum or other metal and are designed as a series of bars or slats to allow natural light into the building. Awnings are usually constructed of fabric or other solid material that blocks most or all of the sunlight. Both awnings and sunshades are designed to blend in with other building components to preserve the aesthetics of the building. The southern, eastern, and western sides of a building will achieve the energy benefits of awnings and sunshades (in the Northern Hemisphere). Typically, the southern side of a building derives the greatest energy benefits from solar shading. In general, the northern side of a building does not benefit from solar shading; however, an airport operator may choose to install awnings or sunshades to create uniformity in the building appearance. The capital costs of awnings and sunshades will depend on the number of windows shaded, the general design (e.g., horizontal shelf or vertical installation), and the selected material (e.g., a metal sunshade or a fabric awning). Price quotes for awnings and sunshades varied from $25 to $60 US per square foot to $500 US per window. Sunshades can also be of a standard, modular design or can be custom designed for a specific building or window. Maintenance costs include cleaning the awning or sunshade and, in colder climates, removing ice accumulation. Significant energy savings are reported from the use of awnings and sunshades. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,2;9,2 | Tucson International Airport (TUS), Tucson, Arizona Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Plant coniferous trees (non-wildlife attracting) to block winter winds from entering indoor areas. | Energy & Climate | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install centralized pre-conditioned air (PCA) and ground power systems (400 Hz) for gated aircraft. | Aircraft require electrical energy during ground time (400 hertz) and depending on climate conditions also pre-conditioned air (PCA for heating or cooling). Rather than using the auxiliary power unit (APU), aircraft ground energy systems (AGES) should be installed. The benefits include fuel savings, reduction of all emissions (criteria air pollutants), and less noise. Systems can be installed at hard stands (contact gates) and on open stands (remote gates). Electrical ground power could be provided by electric pits, electric mobile converters of cable reels that are bridge mounted. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,4 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Include a requirement for pre-conditioned air units in all bid documents for terminal and gate design and renovation projects. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop, implement, and enforce a policy to minimize the use of auxiliary power units at gates where pre-conditioned air (PCA) and gate power are available. | Where gate power and pre-conditioned air (PCA) are available at aircraft parking locations, airport operators may minimize the use of auxiliary power units (APU) through development, implementation and enforcement of an airport policy. The installation of PCA and ground power will allow an aircraft to still provide cooling to passengers and the powering of on-board systems without the use of an APU. By minimizing APU use, the airline can reduce the combustion of jet fuel used to power the APU and the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Close collaboration with the airlines is recommended for a successful program. Engagement of airlines in the development of a policy will assist in gaining buy-in and identifying potential obstacles. In addition, an airport may develop a process to enforce the policy, possibly through inspections or a self-certification process, and manage associated data to measure the success of the program. The implementation cost associated with this reduction measure is based on the cost to develop an APU minimization policy. Although it would be relatively inexpensive to develop such a policy, the actual installation of PCA and ground power that would be necessary to reduce APU usage could be substantial. There should be net cost savings from the reduction of APU use because less jet fuel will need to be purchased. Although purchased electricity will increase, the cost of purchased electricity is likely less than the cost of jet fuel than the cost to operate an APU. The cost burden may shift from the airline to the airport operator unless the airport operator has a cost-sharing agreement with the airline for purchased electricity. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,2;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Hamburg Airport (HAM), Hamburg, Germany Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use infrared imaging during construction to identify issues with thermal leaks from buildings. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use variable-air-volume air conditioning systems to reduce energy use during peak-use conditions. | A variable-air-volume (VAV) air conditioning system varies the volume of constant temperature air that is supplied to meet the changing load conditions of the space (compared to a traditional constant-volume air temperature system). See: www.njatc.org/downloads/TRC014EN.pdf. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install energy efficient chillers. | An airport operator may use either air-cooled or water-cooled chillers to provide comfort cooling and reduce energy demand and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The performance parameters that can be used to make informed decisions are integrated part-load value (IPLV), full- load value, and coefficient of performance (COP). American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 90.1, Energy Standard for Building Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, recommends the minimum energy efficiency requirements for chillers and an airport operator could use this standard to decide the minimum efficiency of the equipment selected. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) of the Department of Energy (DOE) provides recommended performance of different types of chillers to help select a high-efficiency chiller. An airport operator may decide whether to emphasize full-load or part-load efficiency for their application based on typical load conditions and outdoor conditions. IPLV is preferred for more variable loads and variable outdoor conditions such as temperature and humidity. On the other hand, full-load performance could be used to select chillers in locations where peak demand and demand charges are a primary concern. The information about manufacturers of chillers meeting Air-conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) conditions can be found from the ARI lists in its Applied Directory. Air-cooled systems eliminate the need for a cooling tower, reducing the installation and maintenance costs. However, air-cooled chillers are substantially less efficient than water-cooled chillers. An airport operator may perform a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) using FEMP’s “Building Life-Cycle Cost” (BLCC) software. Maintenance cost of air-cooled chillers varies by compressor type. Screw and scroll compressor cost more initially but provides long term savings in operational cost over the life of the equipment. Refrigerants with ozone-destroying chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were common in older chillers but are no longer used in new equipment. Much of today's equipment uses hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants, which have a much lower ozone-depleting effect but often have global warming potentials (GWPs) significantly higher than carbon dioxide (CO2). There are also many energy-efficient chillers on the market that use hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, with no ozone-depleting effect and relatively lower GWP. When purchasing an HCFC chiller, the airport operator could request that the manufacturer conduct leak testing before shipment: leakage of 1 percent annually is considered good for new equipment. An airport operator may either convert the existing CFC-based refrigerant chillers to use a non-CFC refrigerant, which usually results in some loss in cooling capacity, or replace the equipment, which requires substantial capital. These options may be evaluated using LCCA. An airport operator may choose for early replacement of older chillers with high efficiency units if LCCA justifies the replacement. For example, replacing a 500-ton CFC chiller (0.85 kilowatts per ton efficiency) with an efficient (0.56 kilowatts per ton) non-CFC chiller can save $17,000 per year, assuming a conservative 6 cents per kilowatt-hour. In some cases, demand charge savings may substantially increase this amount. It is often cost-effective to combine chiller replacement with other measures that reduce cooling load, permitting installation of smaller equipment. Replacing a single chiller with two or more smaller chillers to meet varying load requirements may be cost-effective. The cost of these chillers could range anywhere between $500 to $800 US per ton of cooling. The cost per ton is normally higher for a larger chiller. This cost does not include the cost of the cooling tower. The cooling tower required for a water-cooled chiller could be as much as the cost of the chiller. The cost of the cooling tower normally ranges between $400 and $500 US per ton of cooling. The typical incremental cost of replacing the existing chiller with a high-efficiency chiller ranges between $25 and $145 US per ton of cooling capacity. Financial incentives may be available for high-efficiency chiller replacement. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,3;4,3;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Miami International Airport (MIA), Miami, Florida | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Integrate high-performance chillers with thermal ice storage to reduce electrical demand use and costs during the cooling season. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use absorption cooling which employs lower cost fuels such as steam, natural gas, or high-temperature waste heat, to drive the absorption refrigeration process. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) motors to control the rotational speed of an alternating current (AC) electric motor. | A VFD (or variable-speed drive) is a type of adjustable-speed drive used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and voltage. VFDs reduce energy used by fans, chillers, and pumps under part-load conditions. VFD motors can be used in building ventilation systems, pumps, conveyor and machine tool drives, and other systems to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A variable-speed pump provides variable-flow and corresponding pressure to overcome the pressure drop of the building loop at design and reduced coil loads. VFDs are typically more than 96 percent efficient. The variable speed loop pumps connected to air handling units when equipped with VFDs modulate the flow in the loop based on the demand. For example, when air handling units operate at part load for cooling, a temperature sensor drops the preset temperature limit and direct digital control unit controller modulates the VFD and associated variable speed pumps to reduce the chilled water flow through air handling units’ coil to maintain the desired air temperature. A similar concept applies to the hot water system. An airport operator may install smaller pumps with electronic speed-control to reduce energy use. Electronic speed-controlled pumps in air conditioning systems could eliminate valves that cause large pressure loss, which allows the use of fewer and smaller pumps, thereby reducing energy consumption. VFDs can be installed on pre-conditioned air (PCA) systems to vary flow rates based on load. Variable speed pumps in complex building air-conditioning systems can also be optimized using a water flow controller and by resetting the pressure differential set-point. Variable speed pumps distributing water to terminal units are typically controlled to maintain a constant pressure differential between the main chilled water supply and return pipelines or at the critical loops. A pressure differential set-point optimizer can determine the optimal set-point based on the previous settings and temperatures at all terminal units. A water flow meter can be installed at the primary side and secondary side of heat exchangers to control operating speeds of variable speed pumps distributing water to heat exchangers. These optimization strategies can result in 12 to 32 percent energy savings. The energy savings achieved through control optimization may have a payback of less than 10 years. First costs for variable-frequency drives are relatively expensive. Installed drives range from about $3,000 for a 5 horsepower motor to almost $45,000 for a custom-engineered 300 horsepower motor, and more for larger versions. Variable-frequency drive installation can take from 10 to over 70 labor-hours, depending on system size and complexity. However, payback period for these drives can range from just a few months to less than three years for 25- to 250-horsepower models (see California Energy Commission, “Variable Frequency Drives,” www.energy.ca.gov/process/pubs/vfds.pdf). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,1 | Belfast International Airport (BFS), Belfast, United Kingdom | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR labeled products. | ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Department of Energy that assists the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors in achieving energy efficient products and practices. The ENERGY STAR program offers a proven energy management strategy that helps in measuring current energy performance, setting goals, tracking savings, and rewarding improvements. An airport operator may use ENERGY STAR guidance to purchase energy efficient equipment or participate in the ENERGY STAR rating system for its buildings to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with energy use. As part of the ENERGY STAR program, an airport operator may upgrade much of its equipment, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and boilers, installing programmable thermostats for its climate-controlled facilities and buildings, or upgrade indoor and outdoor lighting to higher efficiency bulbs. In addition to HVAC systems and lighting, ENERGY STAR has certified equipment in several other categories including office equipment, water heaters, and commercial food service. All of these measures have the goal of reducing overall electricity consumption and GHG emissions. Certain kinds of buildings, including office buildings, are eligible for an ENERGY STAR certification program. ENERGY STAR rates the energy use of certain kinds of buildings, and if a particular building falls in the top 25 percent in its group, it is awarded ENERGY STAR certification. An airport operator may apply for ENERGY STAR certification for an airport's office buildings or other buildings covered by the program. If a building does not earn certification, the airport operator may consider following the ENERGY STAR Guidelines for Energy Management in an effort to reduce energy consumption and achieve certification. The cost of implementation will depend on the extent of the amount of equipment that will be changed out for those with ENERGY STAR ratings. Tax credits and other financial incentives may be available for purchase and installation of ENERGY STAR equipment. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR Products Port of Seattle, Seattle Washington The W Hotel, San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install gas-fired (instead of electric) kitchen equipment, such as ovens, booster heaters, and grills, that ignites electronically instead of using pilot lights. | Since gas burners provide instant heat and cooks have greater control over the temperatures, they"re typically more energy efficient than their electric competitors. When you turn on a gas stove, you instantly get a flame, whereas electric stoves often take longer to heat and cool. Also, newer models that use an electric ignition rather than a continually-burning pilot light use up to 40 percent less gas. The heat from electric stoves typically comes from coal-burning power plants. According to the Rocky Mountain Institute, this process spends three or four units of fuel in exchange for one unit of electricity (http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/home/gas-vs-electric-cooking.htm). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Connect monitors, printers, and other accessories to a power strip/surge protector. Turn off the power strip to prevent them from drawing power (even when shut off) when they are not in use. | Equipment and plug loads have a significant impact on the annual energy use of buildings. Office equipment will continue to draw power even when shut down. Implementing power strips and surge protectors can help to prevent latent power use and reduce these loads. This in turn reduces the facility"s consumption of the overall power through the local grid to help further reduce emissions and energy waste. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Unplug cell phone chargers, fans, coffeemakers, desktop printers, radios, and other equipment that drains energy even when not in use. | Equipment and plug loads have a significant impact on the annual energy use of buildings. Office equipment will continue to draw power even when shut down. Unplugging equipment when not in use will prevent latent power use and reduce these loads. This in turn reduces the facility"s consumption of the overall power through the local grid to help further reduce emissions and energy waste. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Turn off computer monitors if they are not going to be used for more than 20 minutes (a small surge in energy occurs when a monitor starts up). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Turn off both the computer central processing unit and monitor if the computer is not going to be used for more than two hours (a small surge in energy occurs when a computer starts up). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Select a power-down or "sleep mode" feature on the computer central processing unit and monitor. | Equipment and plug loads have a significant impact on the annual energy use of buildings. Office equipment will continue to draw power even when shut down. Auto-setting computers, monitors, and office equipment to shut down/sleep when not in use can help to prevent additional latent power use and reduce these loads by limiting the time equipment is fully on when not in use. This in turn reduces the facility"s consumption of the overall power through the local grid to help further reduce emissions and energy waste. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Do not use computer screen savers since they consume more energy than not using one and/or they may disable power-down or "sleep mode" features. | Equipment and plug loads have a significant impact on the annual energy use of buildings. Office equipment will continue to draw power even when shut down. Auto-setting computer monitors to shut down/sleep when not in use rather than utilize a screen saver can help to prevent additional latent power use and reduce these loads by limiting the time equipment is fully on when not in use. This in turn reduces the facility"s consumption of the overall power through the local grid to help further reduce emissions and energy waste. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Purchase and use printers and fax machines that have power-down or standby features. | Equipment and plug loads have a significant impact on the annual energy use of buildings. Office equipment will continue to draw power even when shut down. Auto-setting computers, monitors, and office equipment to shut down/sleep when not in use can help to prevent additional latent power use and reduce these loads by limiting the time equipment is fully on when not in use. This in turn reduces the facility"s consumption of the overall power through the local grid to help further reduce emissions and energy waste. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop a measurement and verification plan. | An airport operator may develop and implement a Measurement and Verification (M&V) Plan for any operations and maintenance (O&M), re- commissioning or energy conservation retrofit measures. An M&V Plan may be helpful in order to evaluate building and/or energy system performance. This may include identifying or modeling the building energy systems through energy simulation or analysis. The actual energy usage may then be monitored and recorded. Such energy sources may include electricity, gas, oil, hot water, chilled water and renewable energy sources. Energy consumption can then be compared, actual consumption versus predicted consumption. Any large discrepancies within these comparisons can then be documented. In order to minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, an airport operator may need to understand how each energy consuming system is operating. With an M&V Plan, airport operators can identify each system, understand if it is performing as designed and identify ways to make the system operate more efficiently. The M&V Plan may incorporate the practices identified within Option B, Option C or Option D within the International Performance & Verification Protocol (IPMVP) Volume III: Concepts and Options for Determining Energy Savings in New Construction, April, 2003. This document identifies avenues for approaching and implementing an M&V Plan. As previously stated, it includes simulating estimated energy usage and monitoring actual usage to identify which systems are consuming more energy than expected. An example of this system may be monitoring an air handling unit’s (and subsequent air distribution system) natural gas consumption. The system may first be modeled using energy modeling software. This software may include eQuest, COMcheck, DOE-2 and PowerDOE software; as well as many others. With local weather data, building envelope, layout and other pertinent information an energy consumption evaluation can be established. For a natural gas fired air handling unit, the amount of therms used per year may be estimated. The actual natural gas consumption, in therms, can then be measured over the course of a year, or any length of time. These consumption rates may then be compared to see if the system is consuming more energy than expected. If so, an airport operator may identify why there was a high consumption rate. A discrepancy may be due to temperature control issues, operator error, equipment malfunction, unexpected weather events or other items. Monitoring and identifying these items may help maximize equipment performance, reducing energy consumption and ultimately reducing GHG emissions. Incorporating an M&V Plan may include modeling an existing or planned facility within energy simulation software. This may involve input from architects, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers and other pertinent designers. Also, the installation of tracking devices for energy consuming equipment may be required in order to properly track individual systems. Data logging software may also be necessary to properly document energy usage. Airport operators may also need to train staff as to how to use data logging software and how to study the energy consumption comparisons. A typical M&V cost is estimated to be approximately 10 percent of the annual savings. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,1 | California State University Library, East Bay, Hayward, California Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL), Atlanta, Georgia | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Track and control energy use using metering/monitoring devices and energy management control systems. | Install continuous metering equipment for the following end-uses: lighting systems and controls; constant and variable motor loads; variable frequency drive (VFD) operation; chiller efficiency at variable loads (kW/ton); cooling load; air and water economizer and heat recovery cycles; air distribution static pressures and ventilation air volumes; boiler efficiencies; building-related process energy systems and equipment; indoor water risers and outdoor irrigation. Tracking energy use may assist an airport operator to identify locations with the greatest energy reduction opportunities, and thus the greatest greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction opportunities. An airport operator may establish metrics and processes to track energy use and identify opportunities for energy conservation. For example, charting utility bills using metrics of total consumption as well as consumption per square foot or per passenger may establish trends that identify potential energy reduction actions. Tracking energy use would also assist in measuring progress of energy efficiency and conservation measures. An Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) study (Model for Improving Energy Use in U.S. Airport Facilities, ACRP Research Results Digest #2) concluded that having a set of industry-accepted airport energy/utility indices (EUIs) would provide an internal gauge of the effectiveness of various measures implemented. These EUIs would be used to track energy consumption to determine effectiveness of energy reduction measures and recommission systems if energy reduction measures are not effective. The specific EUI used would depend on the size of the airport (e.g., number of passenger boardings or enplanements) and local conditions. The two EUIs typically used in benchmarking are utility costs per square foot and energy costs per square foot; however to tailor them to airports, the study shows utility costs per enplanement and energy costs per enplanement. The ACRP study includes techniques and opportunities that reduce energy use and recommended Best Management Practices (BMPs), including: • Develop an energy baseline by charting a previous year’s utility costs. The baseline should include as much detail as possible, such as the square footage and the type of equipment for each meter; • Track energy use as a performance measure; • Sub-meter tenant energy consumption and bill tenants based on meter readings; • Create a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to help manage energy data; • Collect data at a regular frequency. Although monthly data collection is typical, there are new technologies and tracking software that allow for tracking on a daily or even by minute basis. More frequent data collection will assist in identifying which activities at a facility draw the most energy; and • While implementing energy reduction technologies or behaviors, track energy usage at the same interval as the baseline. The initial capital costs have the potential to be significant depending on how an airport operator develops their energy tracking system. The improved operations and maintenance procedures can provide up to 15 percent of the whole building energy costs and the recommissioning/optimization of energy-consuming systems can provide 10 to 25 percent of the whole building energy costs. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), New York, New York London Stansted Airport (STN), London, United Kingdom | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install tenant energy sub-metering systems. | An airport operator may choose to install separate sub-metering systems for individual tenant energy measurement. This would identify if a specific airport tenant is consuming more energy than expected. Energy sub-metering may also entice an airport operator to create incentives for tenants to consume less energy. Creating an incentive program and monitoring tenant energy consumption may help an airport operator reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are various ways to measure a tenant’s energy consumption rate. Often times the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) and lighting systems are controlled by a Building Automation System (BAS). Depending on the equipment layout and complexity, the HVAC and lighting systems could be broken up and assigned to the tenant they serve. The BAS could monitor the energy consumption for each of the tenants’ systems. Each tenant may have different sized systems, thus the consumption rate would have to be quantifiable for a specific size. For example, lighting could be quantified in watts per square foot (W/sq. ft.) of tenant space and a heating air handling unit could be measured in input British thermal units per square foot (Btu/sq. ft.) of tenant space. This may enable an airport operator to quantify and compare a tenant with a larger airport space to that of a tenant with a much smaller space. Incentives could then be established, in which all tenants could participate and monitor energy consumption rates. Installation of a sub-metering system may consist of installation of equipment for measuring energy consumption rates. The costs are highly variable, depending on the size, layout, and complexity of the given system. Integration within the BAS may also be needed, as energy consumption can be monitored through using that system. Financial incentives for tenants may also be created, to encourage a tenant to reduce energy consumption rates. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Kansas City International Airport (MKC), Kansas City, Missouri Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use a maintenance log to track energy use processes, problems, and ideas. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Report energy savings after implementing energy reduction strategies for use as a marketing mechanism, to set/accomplish energy goals, manage strategies, etc. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct comprehensive training of all staff that covers all aspects of building operations and maintenance. | Education and training will ensure that building operators are able to run the building as it was intended to be run. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Include operations and maintenance staff in building design meetings, commissioning, and testing and balancing activities to capture their perspective and ideas. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Replace existing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment that uses chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants. | See: www.epa.gov/ozone/defns.html. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,1;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use evaporative cooling. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install leak-detection systems and maintain equipment frequently to detect leaks. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct an alternative renewable energy feasibility study (e.g., solar, wind, geothermal) to determine the optimal size, type, location, and the cost of installing and operating an alternative renewable energy generation system | A feasibility study is a good initial step to determine which renewable energy systems may be appropriate for the airport. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,4;8,3;9,2 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use collected snow to chill the liquid used in the airports cooling system in the summer. | Cover the snow with insulation materials, which can typically retain about 45 percent of the snow. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,4;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Buy and sell Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) or carbon credits. | Implementing a project to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can allow the airport to acquire carbon credits that can be traded in a carbon market. A carbon credit is produced when one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions are avoided and can be sold as a commodity on a carbon market. Renewable energy projects (e.g., solar), as opposed to carbon credits, can generate renewable energy credits (REC) which represent one megawatt-hour of renewable energy generation. Opportunities created by the development of the carbon market and the possible advent of regulations limiting the GHG emissions of large North American companies have led to the creation of a so-called “voluntary” credit market in North America. In the last few years, this market has enabled North American organizations to trade carbon credits that find takers, particularly financial institutions specializing in speculative investments, companies preparing for tougher regulations in the future, and organizations wishing to offset their GHG emissions. A U.S. airport operator can consider selling carbon credits to The Climate Action Reserve (CAR), the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), and the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS). Selling carbon credits can help an airport operator create a revenue stream from GHG emission reduction projects. Conversely, an airport may apply a carbon credit that is generated at the airport toward reducing its own GHG inventory. However, if the carbon credits are sold, the airport can no longer take credit for GHG reduction (and vice versa). Creating carbon credits encourage GHG reduction technologies and portray the airport as a leader in climate change. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,3;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Montreal-Trudeau International Airport (YUL), Montreal, Canada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Purchase ""Green Power"" from a local energy provider to fund renewable energy research, development, production, and use. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Enter into a public-private partnership to construct and operate a renewable energy system. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install solar trash compactors along curbfonts and in remote areas. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install solar photovoltaic panels on buildings and/or at ground level. | The installation of photovoltaic power enables an airport to produce electrical energy for its own demand. Potential sites for photovoltaic infrastructure include building roofs, façades and open ground. The following factors are relevant for achieving benefits: incorporate an integrated planning approach (plan for such a system from the beginning of planning), identify sufficient parameters (sun duration and exposure, available ground and/or buildings) and identify an electrical system (preferably its own mid voltage airport grid, so that the produced energy can be used on-site). Solar panels are particularly useful for outlying equipment, ancillary buildings, and parking and site lighting. Strategies: solar trees can be mounted on steel poles topped with photovoltaic arrays that shift and tilt throughout the day to track the sun; install synthetic photovoltaic cell-based skin; mount solar panels near windows to double as canopies for window shading. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,4;8,3;9,3 | Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install solar-thermal powered water heaters. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install solar thermal storage systems (e.g., solar Trombe walls) for passive solar heating. | This practice is particularly useful for decreasing peak energy consumption. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,4;3,1;4,4;5,2;6,1;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install solar-powered roadway signs and parking lot lights. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install geothermal heating and cooling systems. | A geothermal system is an electrically powered device that uses the natural heat storage ability of the earth and/or the earth's ground water to heat and cool a building. A few feet beneath the surface, the earth's temperature remains fairly constant and a geothermal system takes advantage of this constant temperature to provide extremely efficient heating and cooling. In winter, a water solution circulating through pipes buried in the ground absorbs heat from the earth and carries it into a building. The geothermal system inside the building uses a heat pump to concentrate the earth's thermal energy and then to transfer it to air circulated through standard ductwork to fill the interior space with warmth. In the summer, the process is reversed: heat is extracted from the air in the house and transferred through the heat pump to the ground loop piping. The water solution in the ground loop then carries the excess heat back to the earth. The only external energy needed for the geothermal system is the small amount of electricity needed to operate the ground loop pump, fan, and compressor. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,4;8,3;9,2 | Portland International Jetport (PWM), Portland, Maine Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Utilize sewer heat recovery systems. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize wind power. | Safety screens protecting from humans and birds may be necessary, e.g., small turbines mounted on parking garages. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,4;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Utilize hydroelectric and/or tidal power. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize coal gasification to convert low-value fuels and residuals into a synthesis gas. | Gasification is an efficient means of converting low-value fuels and residuals into a synthesis gas (or syngas). Syngas is used to produce power, steam, hydrogen, and basic chemicals such as methanol and ammonia (for more information, see http://energy.gov/fe/how-coal-gasification-power-plants-work and www.ge-energy.com/products_and_services/products/gasification/). | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,2;4,2;5,1;6,1;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Investigate energy tax credits, rebates, and grants by local utilities or federal, state, or local agencies. | Utilize the Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Incentives (DSIRE) for information on state, local, utility, and federal incentives that promote renewable energy and energy efficiency (www.dsireusa.org). | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Utilize fuel cells. | Fuel cells are especially useful in remote locations, for powering remote weather stations, cars, trucks, and buses, combined heat and power applications, laptops, cell phones, and other applications. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,2;3,1;4,3;5,2;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Utilize biofuels in facilities and appropriate vehicles. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop and implement an Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) control plan. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prohibit smoking in the public areas of buildings. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Locate exterior designated smoking areas away from entries and operable windows. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Designate privately leased spaces (such as cargo areas) as non-smoking. | Work with unions as necessary. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,3 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Prohibit smoking within structures under construction and restrict smoking on-site during construction. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide a designated exterior smoking area (protected from the elements) that is sufficiently distant from construction activities. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a designated smoking room designed to effectively contain, capture, and remove Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) from the building using a separate ventilation system (if an interior smoking r | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish zero exposure of non-smokers to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide for real-time control of terminal unit air flow rates and total outdoor air flow rates based on carbon dioxide levels. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a permanent carbon dioxide monitoring system that provides feedback on space ventilation performance. | The monitoring system should provide feedback in a form that affords operational adjustments in accordance with ASHRAE 62-2001, Appendix D. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Voluntarily install air quality monitoring stations and track and publish data. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems with carbon dioxide monitoring sensors in each space and integrate these sensors with the building automation system (BAS). | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use bees and honey from an on-airport apiary to biomonitor the air quality at the airport. | Honeybees are effective biomonitors since their hairy bodies absorb pollutants as they travel through the air, drink water from surface sources, and when they collect plant pollen and nectar from flowers that are exposed to toxins. The collected honey can be tested for toxins and compared to honey produced at an off‐airport apiary to determine potential air quality impacts. Bees are also very adaptive to human control. Honeybees have a normal foraging range of one to two miles, but they are capable of traveling up to six miles if necessary for nectar, pollen, propolis (hive sealant), and water. Each summer day, a worker bee can make 40 flights and visit up to 4,000 flowers. As they produce honey, bees concentrate the pollutants they have come into contact with, providing information about the quality of the environment where they forage. | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,3 | Hamburg Airport (HAM, Hamburg, Germany Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Design buildings for optimum natural ventilation. | An airport operator may reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by incorporating the use of natural ventilation and economizer control. This practice is applicable to airports in warm climates that do not experience periods of extreme cold during winter. When mechanically ventilating air within a space, energy consumption becomes elevated due to the need to either heat or cool the outside air that is being supplied. For many spaces this is unavoidable as there are typically mechanical codes, building codes and/or standard practices that require mechanical ventilation. However, there are certain applications where natural ventilation is permitted by code, which may reduce energy consumption. Also, by incorporating economizer control within a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system, an airport operator may still provide mechanical ventilation to a specific space but with reduced energy consumption. Many codes and standards allow for specific spaces to be naturally ventilated. For example, The 2006 International Mechanical Code (IMC) states that natural ventilation for occupied spaces is allowed if there is a minimum openable area to the outdoors of 4 percent or more of the floor area being ventilated. Such “openable areas” may include doors, windows, and skylights to the outdoors which can provide a means of natural ventilation if opened. This code, and others like it, allow for designers, installers and owners to take advantage of natural ventilation and reduce energy consumption. Economizer control for air handling units may also reduce energy consumption for an airport operator. An economizer uses air handling unit control sequencing to take advantage of the outdoor environment and allow for mechanical heating or cooling to be reduced. A temperature (or dry bulb) economizer has an outdoor air temperature sensor wired to the air handling unit(s) and associated dampers. If the outdoor air temperature reaches a certain set point, which is desired within the space, then the air handling unit provides the maximum amount of outdoor air possible to the space. This may reduce, or eliminate, the need for the air handling unit to provide the heating or cooling. For example, if an airport facility is very warm inside (electrical equipment, high occupancy, lighting, etc.) and the outdoor air temperature is significantly cooler, the economizer control will enable the maximum amount of outside air to be provided to the space. This may allow for “free cooling” and reduce, or eliminate, the need for the air handling unit to mechanically cool the ventilation air. An enthalpy (or wet bulb) economizer control may also be applicable to certain areas and locations. Enthalpy economizers work in a similar way to that of the temperature economizer. Enthalpy economizers simply use enthalpy sensors, in lieu of temperature sensors. Enthalpy economizer sensors include humidity measurements. Enthalpy economizers may be useful in climates where humidity is a concern. Costs for incorporating the use of natural ventilation and/or economizer control is highly variable and is dependent on the size, layout and complexity of the system. Existing systems may be able to be retrofitted with economizer controls by simple control sequencing and sensor installation. However, it is possible that existing air handling units and controls may need to be replaced as they are not able to be retrofitted. Implementation of natural ventilation may be as simple as decommissioning an existing HVAC system. However, this may affect other areas in which that specific equipment serves. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Palm Springs International Airport (PSP), Palm Springs, California Long Beach Airport (LGB), Long Beach, California Bluewater Shopping Center, Dartford, England | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Locate air intakes away from contaminants such as loading areas, exhaust fans, and cooling towers. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize carbon or electrostatic filters, or other particulate control technologies. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install air diffusers for all mechanically ventilated spaces. | This practice is particularly useful for office and terminal space. Follow the recommended design approaches in the ASHRAE 2001 Fundamentals, Chapter 32, Space Air Diffusion. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,1;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Design building ventilation systems that result in an air change effectiveness (??ac) greater than or equal to 0.9 as determined by ASHRAE 129-1997. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use displacement ventilation, which introduces cool air into a zone at low velocity, to increase air change effectiveness. | Displacement ventilation provides design flexibility, energy savings, and the highest level of indoor air quality (IAQ). The higher supply temperature and smaller air handler/system can generate energy savings. Also, the addition of more free cooling days from bringing outside air in contributes toward energy savings. On the IAQ side, DV has a ventilation effectiveness factor of 1.2 which translates to a 20 percent bonus when designing for ventilation requirements per ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007. Displacement ventilation is an air distribution technology that introduces cool air into a zone at low velocity, usually also at a low level. Buoyancy forces ensure that this supply air pools near the floor level, allowing it to be carried up into the thermal plumes that are formed by heat sources. This type of air distribution is effective at delivering fresh air to occupants and removing many of the contaminants associated with heat sources, while creating a comfortable environment. This chapter focuses on the main design criteria for displacement ventilation systems as well as introduces its common applications. The following pages will go further into depth on the specific requirements of schools, theaters, health care and industrial spaces (see: www.price-hvac.com/Catalog/Section_J/html/J_pdf/Engineering_Guide.pdf). | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,1;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use low-face velocity coils and filters to reduce energy loss through air delivery system components. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Clean or change furnace filters once a month during the heating season. | Dirty filters cause an increase in pressure drop which increases fan energy consumption. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,3;3,2;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Increase air movement in facilities by using ceiling fans. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install trickle ventilators (small ‘openers’ concealed within a window or curtainwall’s horizontal members) that allow fresh air to ‘trickle’ into the building without the need for operating windows o | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install relief vents or operable skylights in cargo and other applicable facilities to provide stack effect natural ventilation. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install remote monitoring systems to detect Jet A vapors. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use zero- or low-volatile organic compound (VOC) adhesives and sealants; consider using water-based sealants which contain no VOCs and can be used on porous or nonporous surfaces. | Do not use adhesives or sealants that use Mercury (PBT). For adhesives and sealants, the VOC content used must be less than the current VOC content limits of South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule #1168, AND all sealants used as fillers must meet or exceed the requirements of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Regulation 8, Rule 51. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Do not use fluorescent, compact fluorescent, and LED (light-emitting diode) lights that contain mercury (as well as electrical switches and thermostats). | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use zero- or low-volatile organic compound (VOC) paints and coatings. | For interior paints and coatings, VOC emissions must not exceed the VOC and chemical component limits of Green Seals Standard GS-11 requirements. Follow standards and prohibitions documented in South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 1113 (paints and coatings) and applicable source-specific SCAQMD standards. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Specify low-volatile organic compound (VOC) carpet systems and/or require that VOC emissions meet or exceed the requirements of the Carpet and Rug Institute's Green Label Indoor Air Quality Test Progr | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require that composite wood and agrifiber carpet systems must contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install volatile organic compound-free natural linoleum flooring, recycled glass tile, or ceramic tile. | (In lieu of carpet materials that contain VOCs). | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Do not install vinyl flooring with high polyvinyl chloride (PVC) content. | Carpet containing PVC can release toxic chemicals, including dioxin, into the air; PVC often contains phthalate-based softening agents, which are recognized as reproductive toxins that may contribute to indoor pollution. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Vacuum heavily trafficked areas daily using equipment with powerful suction and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration bag. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform carpet extraction cleaning every 6 to 12 months, preferably with hot water or steam. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure that all shop finished material meet volatile organic compound (VOC) emission requirements. | Materials to consider are: primed steel, finished metals including aluminum, finished millwork, and finished steel and wood doors and windows. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install separate exhaust and plumbing systems in spaces that are known to use or contain chemicals and hazardous products. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Prohibit the indoor use of combustion engine-based devices without direct exterior exhaust and make-up air. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use non-absorptive flooring and walls. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install indoor toxic-absorptive vegetation (e.g., green walls). | Living walls or green walls are self-sufficient vertical gardens that are attached to the exterior or interior of a building. Living walls enhance a building’s visuals; improve air quality as well as alertness and energy levels. They are natural air-filters, creating a cleaner, more invigorating environment that will lead to better overall health and production. People are often exposed to air toxins from the environment such as formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, VOCs and benzene. Living green walls metabolize harmful toxins while releasing oxygen into the air, much like plants but on a much larger scale. One of the lesser known benefits of living green walls, the structures can reduce noise levels in buildings. Plants have been used, throughout the world, to reduce noise along roads and highways. Living green walls expand on this concept as vegetation ‘naturally’ blocks high frequency sounds while the supporting structure can help to diminish low frequency noise. The walls act as extra insulation with a layer of air between the plants and the wall. They also reduce noise levels by reflecting, refracting as well as absorbing acoustic energy. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,1;8,4;9,3 | Edmonton International Airport (YEG), Alberta, Canada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Remove all equipment containing Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB). | Doing so reduces risks to occupants from exposure to the material, reduces the environmental risk from leakage due to deterioration or damage of the equipment, and reduces the risk of exposure to hazardous combustion by-products in the case of fire. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Design buildings to minimize pollutant cross-contamination of regularly occupied areas. | Negatively pressurize spaces that generate contamination relative to surrounding spaces and ensure that in spaces where transfer air is used, air flows from areas of low contaminants to areas of high contaminants. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide segregated areas with separate outside exhaust at a rate of at least 0.50 cubic feet per minute per square foot, no air re-circulation, and maintain a negative pressure where chemical use occurs | Note, this includes housekeeping areas and copying/printing rooms. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,1;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,1;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install drains plumbed for appropriate disposal of liquid waste in spaces where water and chemical concentrate mixing occurs. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install permanent architectural entryway systems such as grills or grates (preferably over six feet long) to prevent occupant-borne contaminants from entering the building. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Hire a contractor to regularly clean mats that track dirt from occupants entering the building if installing a grate or grill is not practical. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Identify all hazardous products or processes. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install air-tight electrical boxes to minimize air leakage. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Ensure proper ventilations, such as fume hoods, for activities that produce hazardous gasses. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design central locations in terminal and office buildings for storage of concentrated cleaning chemicals and other pollutant sources. | Also be sure to exhaust these spaces as needed to ensure that volatile chemicals don"t infiltrate into surrounding spaces. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide water and electricity utility outlets for cleaning. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use biodegradable soap in aircraft and vehicle wash areas. | Design & Materials | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Specify environmentally friendly cleaning products and processes for installed systems and products in operation and maintenance manuals. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install operable windows in areas that are not noise-sensitive. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install task lighting or more light switching zones in offices areas. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install under floor air distribution systems with individual diffusers (controllable outlets) in office areas. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide controls for each individual in office spaces for airflow, temperature and lighting of the occupied space, and for the occupants in non-perimeter, regularly occupied areas. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Integrate micro switches of operable windows with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) operation. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use direct digital control systems for greater accuracy, flexibility, and operator interface compared to pneumatic systems. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a temperature and humidity monitoring system that provides operators with control over thermal comfort performance and humidification and/or dehumidification systems. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Comply with ASHRAE Standard 55-2004, Thermal Comfort Conditions, including humidity control within established ranges per climate zone. | Thermal comfort is a large factor of occupant satisfaction. ASHRAE 55 deals with the various components of thermal comfort including temperature and humidity. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install air curtains at building entrances. | Air curtains act as thermal, bug and dust barriers in doorways, saving energy and increasing comfort. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,2;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,1;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide areas with varying indoor conditions in terminals, allowing passengers to choose an area with conditions that best match their needs. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install natural skylights to reduce daylight lighting requirements. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design the building with a shallow floor plate (more rectangular than square), aligning the east-west axis so that the southern sun will penetrate deeper into the building. | A shallow floor plate refers to a building footprint that is more rectangular than square. The intent is to align the east-west axis so that the southern sun will penetrate deeper into the building, allowing for more daylight to occupied spaces. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Coordinate daylight strategies with electrical lighting scenarios and the building automation system (BAS). | Utilizing daylight for a fraction of a building"s lighting needs cuts down on both electrical and cooling demand. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install photo-integrated light sensors to dim artificial lights when daylight penetrating the building is sufficient. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install window tinting film to minimize heat and air conditioning loss, reduce glare, increase privacy, protect installed materials from the sun"s ultraviolet rays, and prevent injury and damage from | This practices minimizes heat and air conditioning loss through windows and protect carpets, drapes and furniture from ultraviolet radiation, makes windows safer by preventing injury and damage from broken glass, reduces glare, and improves privacy. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use a daylighting model or calculations to assess foot-candle levels and daylight factors achieved. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Achieve a Daylight Factor of at least 25 footcandles (excluding all direct sunlight penetration) in 75 percent of all regularly occupied areas. | Spaces excluded from these suggested requirements include copy rooms, storage areas, mechanical plant rooms, laundry and other low occupancy support areas. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,4;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Achieve direct line of sight to vision glazing for building occupants in 90 percent of all regularly occupied spaces. | Spaces excluded from these suggested requirements include copy rooms, storage areas, mechanical plant rooms, laundry and other low occupancy support areas. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,4;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Design partitioned offices in the center of floor plans with windows so that more daylighting and views can be achieved. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use open workstation cubicles or cubical walls lower than four feet. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a strategic plan (e.g., climate action plan) for addressing climate change, addressing reduction of greenhouse gasses and adapting to projected future climate scenarios. | Airports may develop a strategic plan for addressing climate change at an organizational level. Such a plan, typically referred to as a Climate Action Plan (CAP) or Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction Plan, focuses on greenhouse gas emission management over a time horizon of anywhere from 2 to 20, sometimes even 50 years. For example Maryland’s Governor, Martin O’Malley in 2009 charged the state with developing a Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan that would reduce greenhouse gases 25 percent by 2020. Some Climate Action Plans also address the potential impacts of climate change (temperature, sea level rise, etc.) and how an organization can prepare for and adapt to such potential changes. Climate action plans may be required or encouraged by states, cities, or counties in which the airport resides. A Climate Action Plan usually includes analysis of existing greenhouse gas emissions, or a baseline inventory, forecasts for future emissions, a target for future emissions, a timeline for implementation, and specific project and policy recommendations to meet those goals. Climate Action Plans follow typical, stakeholder based processes and tend to address any and all emissions sources at an airport, not just those within the airport's direct control. A Climate Action Plan will also include steps to be taken to meet mandates and commitments regarding GHG emission reductions. Costs for implementation include public meetings and stakeholder management, as well as plan development, drafting and production. Costs could exceed $100,000 US, especially if the cost of a baseline GHG inventory is included in the project. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,4;4,2;5,2;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,4 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Port Authority of New York & New Jersey (PANYNJ), New York, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Perform a climate change vulnerability assessment of airport land and buildings. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Integrate sea level rise flood scenarios into the regional aviation strategic plan process. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | San Diego International Airport (SAN), San Diego, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Create a heat response plan, focusing on vulnerable travelers (e.g., the elderly). | This practice may include directing travelers to designated cool buildings and monitoring at-risk populations to ensure their safety. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Prepare a watershed plan with the water reclamation district that factors in projected climate changes. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | City of Chicago | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install backup power for sump pumps. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | City of Chicago | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide an emergency inventory of portable pumps, generators, temporary flood gates, and sandbags. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Plan for and advertising extended concessionaire hours to accommodate stranded passengers. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Implement hardening and protection techniques for areas with low shorelines and adaptive management procedures for sites vulnerable to sea level rise. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Determine which nearby major roadways and airport access roads are prone to flooding and identify backup routes for airport/airline staff and emergency personnel to safely reach the airport. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Increase the airport's snow removal and deicing equipment inventory to account for an increased likelihood of winter precipitation associated with climate change (where applicable). | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Mixed Hot and Cold | Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW), Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Plant foliage and trees (non-wildlife attracting) that can survive in warmer environments. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Educate travelers on the impact of climate change, including impacts on individual lives and how to respond, using displays, commercials, and art exhibits. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Write and follow a maintenance plan that evaluates each system component and incorporates the proper maintenance strategy to minimize unnecessary maintenance while maximizing system up-time. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a comprehensive operation and maintenance (O&M) manual, including record logs, for all systems and operations. | Systems to include: building automation system, all heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, lighting controls and sensors, refrigeration systems, vertical transport, building envelope, emergency power generators and automatic transfer switching, uninterruptible power supply systems, life safety systems (fire protection fire alarm, Egress pressurization, lightning protection), domestic and process water pumping and mixing systems, equipment sound control systems, data and communication systems, paging systems, security systems, irrigation systems, plumbing and fixtures. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to streamline the management of operations and maintenance programs. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Determine the required maintenance procedures prior to installing or purchasing equipment, paying specific attention to disposal requirements and impacts to indoor environmental quality. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform all aircraft, vehicle, and equipment maintenance indoors, where possible. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Perform outdoor maintenance in a designated area paved with impervious concrete located at least 50 feet from any storm drain inlet. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design drains in aircraft and vehicle maintenance areas to discharge to the sanitary sewer and not the stormwater system. Floor drains should discharge into an oil/water separator that is periodically cleaned and maintained. | Oil water seperators may be required to comply with drainage codes. Diverting drainage from maintenance areas away from stormwater drains lessens contamination of local water bodies. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Maintain and locate Spill Control Kits in areas readily accessible to all maintenance areas. | Economic Performance | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Have the building service contractors provide a monthly log that documents the collection, storage and disposal of recyclable materials. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Have the building service contractors provide a monthly log of all of the materials used in Integrated Pest Management (IPM). | Economic Performance | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Review engineering standards for building equipment subject to periodic maintenance or replacement (air handler motors and belts, pumps and valves, luminaries, switches, etc.) to identify potential du | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Specify more durable, longer lasting materials and finishes to extend material life and reduce maintenance requirements. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide a full set of design and construction documentation to system operators so they can maintain the equipment as the manufacturer recommends. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Install heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and ductwork products that can be easily cleaned and that protect against dust, microbial growth, and fiber shredding. | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install ultraviolet-C (UVC) lights in air handling units for continuous coil cleaning. | Helps increase indoor air quality, limit air handling unit maintenance, and decrease energy demands. By installing UVC lights within an air handling unit, cooling coils may be disinfected without needing chemicals, cleaning agents or high pressure water. The UV rays are able to destroy harmful microorganisms including mold, bacteria, and viruses. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,1;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Consider ease of maintenance when designing lighting systems. | Labor costs associated with lighting maintenance (including re-lamping) can often exceed the price of lamps or the energy needed to power them depending on the lamp type and installation location. Fully considering the maintenance costs of each lamp option can give a better understanding of the life cycle costs of a fixture. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop a Brownfield Prevention Program for the airport to implement strategies that prevent pollution and minimize waste generation. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Develop on a site documented as contaminated by an All Appropriate Inquiry (AAI) (or an ASTM E1903-97 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment) OR classified as a Brownfield by a local state and federal | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Natural Resources | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Enter into the state's voluntary Site Remediation Program (if applicable) that offers a No Further Remediation (NFR) Letter. | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Pursue tax incentives, government grants, property tax savings, and legal protections for development in a Brownfield (examples include the Expedited Remedial Action Program and Prospective Purchase A | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Participate in a climate registry to calculate, verify, and publicly report greenhouse gas emissions. | Participation in a greenhouse gas (GHG) voluntary registry and/or carbon accreditation program will help airport operators track progress in reducing GHG emissions and to drive GHG mitigation programs. In order to participate in a registry or carbon accreditation program, an airport operator must conduct a baseline GHG emissions inventory, with periodic updates, to track progress. The inventories should be validated by a third party and the data should be made available to the public. If many airports or other entities participate in registries and/or accreditation programs, it will increase accountability for GHG emissions and accelerate reductions. Participation in a climate registry will assist an airport operator to identify opportunities to reduce GHG emissions, as well as provide motivation to reduce emissions. As GHG regulations are created and adjusted, GHG inventories and reporting will be required for more sectors of the economy. An airport operator that participates in a GHG registry will be prepared for new regulations and will be ready to make reductions. Many GHG registries provide resources to participants. Participating in a registry also demonstrates an airport operator's commitment to GHG reductions and transparency, which is good for public relations. The Climate Registry (TCR) is an example of a large, North American voluntary GHG emissions registry. TCR has participation from 41 states in the US, 12 provinces in Canada, and six states in Mexico as of February 2010. This means that US states agree with and support TCR's GHG accounting protocols and procedures, and in some cases, report statewide GHG emission inventories on TCR. Organizations from many sectors of the economy participate. There are other voluntary GHG emissions registries in the US, such as the EPA Climate Leaders program; however, TCR is emerging as the leading registry. Similar to a voluntary registry, ACI EUROPE launched Airport Carbon Accreditation in June 2009, allowing the assessment and recognition of participating airport operators’ efforts to manage and reduce their CO2 emissions. Airport Carbon Accreditation uses a third-party organization appointed by ACI EUROPE to enforce the accreditation criteria for airports on an annual basis. The administration of the plan is overseen by an Advisory Board. Airport operators must have carbon footprints independently verified in accordance with ISO14064 (Greenhouse Gas Accounting). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,3 | Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Purchase carbon offsets. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install carbon-offset kiosks where passengers can purchase offsets for their flight and discover the environmental impact of their flight. | An airport operator may educate passengers about programs available for purchasing carbon credits to offset the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with passenger air travel, and provide the opportunity to purchase offsets through an airport-sponsored program. Offset programs may be locally formed or represent national, commercially available offset providers. Important criteria for evaluating an offset company are accuracy of their air travel emissions calculator, project portfolios that include GHG emission reduction, renewable energy and energy efficiency projects, additional and permanent projects, high standard verification requirements, and transparency of the company's mission, procedures, financial arrangements, and partnerships. It is also important to ensure that the carbon offsets are verified. Commercially available and certified offset providers include Atmosfair, Climate Friendly, my climate, and Native Energy. Coordination with airline and travel agent offset purchasing programs is recommended to avoid confusion for the passenger and to optimize participation. An airport operator may set up a program either online through the airport's web page or at the airport via kiosks. The airport operator may enter into a contract with preferred offset providers. Costs to implement this strategy may be low depending on how the program is implemented. This cost includes purchasing kiosks for the passengers to purchase offsets from. | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,1;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,2;9,3 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Air Canada Virgin Atlantic United Airlines | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Purchase materials, goods, and equipment from local sources. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Apply for Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Voluntary Airport Low Emissions Program (VALE) funding for intermodal connections, underground fuel hydrants, alternatively fueled vehicles, etc. | VALE funding can decrease qualified project paybacks. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,1;6,2;7,2;8,1;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install an intra-terminal people-mover system from remote parking lots, rental car facilities, employee parking, etc. to reduce emissions and roadway traffic. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Encourage rental car facilities to use 'ready/return' systems. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Enhance airport campus overhead signage and roadway marking/painting (e.g., terminal entrance, parking lots, rental car return). | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install fuel vapor recovery systems to limit the escape of gasoline vapors, reducing emissions and conserving liquid gasoline. | For example, see: www.epa.state.il.us/air/stage-ii-vapor-recovery.html. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,1;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install and provide direct access to an underground fuel hydrant system at all aircraft gates. | Fuel required for aircraft use can either be supplied by tanker trucks that drive the fuel to the aircraft location or through an in-ground system of piping referred to as hydrant fueling. The installation or expansion of a hydrant fueling system at aircraft parking positions may eliminate on-airport fuel truck operations and their associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In addition to reducing GHG emissions, a hydrant fueling system may improve safety since fewer trucks operate on the airfield and may reduce operating costs. A hydrant fueling system typically consists of three subsystems: 1) An inbound or receiving system; 2) A storage system; and 3) A dispensing or delivery system. Fuel (i.e., Jet A) is initially received at the airport via the receiving system by a variety of methods, including a dedicated pipeline or truck/rail deliveries. The fuel is then transferred into a storage system like aboveground vertical storage tanks. Smaller horizontal or underground tanks may also be used, depending on the size of the airport. An underground pipeline system can then be used to distribute the fuel to the aircraft parked at the gate. An engineering study should be completed before installing a fuel hydrant system to evaluate the pressures needed to transfer the fuel adequately and other measures. The pipeline must comply with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 415: Standard on Airport Terminal Buildings, Fueling Ramp Drainage, and Loading Walkways, including ample set back from the concourse. The airport may consider designing the fueling system to meet certain design specifications like American Petroleum Institute/Institute of Petroleum 1540: Design, Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Aviation Fueling Facilities. Leak detection systems may also be used to help maintain the pipelines and alert the operator quickly of any leaks. The use of an underground hydrant fueling system requires major renovations to an airport's infrastructure and is therefore a considerable capital investment that is most applicable to larger airports. The installation of the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport's hydrant fueling system cost over $1 million US. Although operations and maintenance costs are expected to be less with a hydrant fueling system than using fueling trucks on the airfield, the exact operations and maintenance costs will vary and are estimated at over $100,000 US. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,1;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,4;9,2 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport (DTW), Detroit, Michigan | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop a vehicle inspection program to ensure vehicles are properly maintained and pollution control devices are in place. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Monitor bus/commercial vehicle performance, routes, and frequencies through an Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) system to verify performance and fuel economy. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Improve the fuel efficiency of taxis by requiring lighter/smaller advertisement display boards. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Skew parking fees based on carbon; charge higher fees for single occupancy vehicles (SOVs) and lower fees for high-occupancy vehicles (HOVs), alternatively-fueled vehicles, and hybrid vehicles. | Airport operators may raise (or alter) the pricing structures for both passenger and employee parking to promote use of public transit, discourage single occupancy vehicle use, and encourage use of public transportation, thus reducing greenhouse (GHG) emissions. Pricing structures designed to achieve these objectives may include: • An increase in parking charges for short-term and long-term parking as well as for employee parking; • Introduction of parking charges for employees where none exist; • Cancellation or reduction of parking subsidies and/or substitution of free or discounted parking for a travel allowance for employees; • Operators can also shift an employee free parking subsidy to subsidization of an alternate mode such as bus, rail, car or van pool. This makes it easier for employees to shift to a high occupancy mode of travel, reducing Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). In regards to passenger parking, parking price adjustments are more successful in reducing VMT when coupled with other components. Alternate pricing structures combined with a robust system of high occupancy modes of travel to and from the airport are believed to reduce overall passenger VMT. Some airports have seen a shift from passenger parking use to passenger drop-off/pick-up, which actually doubles the overall VMT per flight. To further enhance the success of this strategy, several actions can be taken by the airport operator. First, parking pricing structures may be revisited after public transportation is added or expanded at the airport. Second, an educational program for employees explaining the benefits can help to smooth the transition to modified prices. Third, any changes should be consistent with other departments at the airport. Fourth, the airport operator should balance the reduction of vehicles with the need to respond to airport emergencies. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,1;3,3;4,4;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install additional lanes and booths at parking structures. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install 'pay on foot' parking machines. | An airport operator may install ‘pay-on-foot’ payment machines to allow passengers to pay for parking prior to arriving at their car in the lot or garage. Payment prior to exiting the lot or garage would reduce vehicle idling and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at the payment booth. The payment machines could be placed inside the terminal by the baggage claim, by the stairwell of the parking lot/garage, etc. The booths at the exit of the parking facility automatically recognize the paid ticket to allow the patron to exit. Signage in the parking facility, the terminal and elevators, stairways, and walkways between the parking facility and the automatic pay station are required to remind patrons to take their parking tickets with them and pay the parking fees prior to returning to the car. Integration of the ‘pay-on-foot’ machines and procedures into existing parking management systems is also required. Capital costs to the airport operator include the cost of installing the automated payment machines, for which a small amount of space would have to be made available. Total costs depend on the number of pay stations installed. These automated payment machines would accept cash, credit card, or debit card from the airport patrons. There would be ongoing expenses associated with such a system to cover operations and routine and preventive maintenance. The airport operator may also assign or install dedicated exit booths for the pre-paid tickets or they could be integrated into the attended check-out booths. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,3;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,2 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install a ""smart park"" system to efficiently utilize garage capacity and reduce emissions from excessive spot searching. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install high-speed or rapid exit taxiways to reduce aircraft taxi distances. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Implement a ground management program, leveraging airport surface surveillance data and airline schedules to better manage the taxi-out process, reduce taxi times, and improve efficiency. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design airfield geometry (or reposition runway and taxiway hold lines) such that aircraft idling in the departure queue and ground run-up areas are directed away from surrounding sensitive areas. | Though it may not be feasible to imediately re-route airfield geometry, being mindful of airplane and developmental effects on sensitive natural areas may mitigate the airport"s future risk as environmental protection regulations evolve. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Encourage aircraft to taxi with less than all engines operating, where appropriate. | When aircraft taxi, the use of power from all of the main engines is not required. To reduce fuel consumption and emissions, some aircraft can taxi on a single engine or reduced engine power. Greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft are the single largest source of emissions at airports, and aircraft movement while on the ground typically represents 10 to15 percent of total aircraft emissions. Commercial service aircraft are configured with two, three, or four engines. Because taxiing requires low thrust relative to power required for flight, in many circumstances only a single engine is required to taxi. Additionally, the engine that is running will operate at a higher number of revolutions per minute (RPM), which results in a more efficient operation, and lower emissions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide (CO) per pound of fuel. The use of single engine taxi will reduce GHG emissions, as well as emissions of other pollutants, including criteria pollutants. Through collaborative discussions with aircraft operators, an airport operator may encourage single-engine taxiing, but for safety reasons cannot mandate its use. Some aircraft are not able to safely taxi on a single engine in order to move forward; however, in these cases, reduced engine power may be possible. Many carriers have adopted a single or reduced engine power practice as a means of conserving fuel. Airport operators are not permitted to mandate the use of single or reduced engine taxi procedures. Rather, airports can work with airlines to seek voluntary implementation of such procedures. Thus, the financial cost would be primarily associated with staff and information generation. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | Alaska Airlines Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Encourage aircraft to taxi at idle power or a specified minimum power threshold. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use ground support equipment (GSE) tugs to move aircraft. | Towing aircraft to taxiways and/or to the runway for take-off and from the runway after landing would reduce aircraft fuel burn, which would decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Airport operators could support this procedure by providing holding areas near runways for the tugs as well as infrastructure for electric tugs. Towing aircraft might also reduce aircraft ground noise impacting nearby noise sensitive uses. Strong collaboration with airlines is recommended for a successful program. There are logistical issues that would need to be resolved if tugs were to be used on an airfield. Unless the tugs are electric, there would still be some amount of air pollution that would result. Electric tugs may not exist for all sizes of aircraft, particularly the heaviest aircraft. In addition, consideration would be needed concerning the amount of time aircraft/passengers would wait for an available tug to bring the aircraft to the gate. Airport operators must also take safety issues into account related to aircraft and tugs occupying the same space, when traditionally they are separated on the airfield. Depending on the size of the airport, an increase in airline employees would be needed to operate the tugs. In addition, thermal stability must be achieved for safe engine use during take-off, which may require that the aircraft engines run and warm up during taxiing. An airport-specific study may be needed to determine whether towing aircraft to and from the runway would be overall beneficial to the airport operator and to the environment. Technology is being developed that might enable future aircraft to be equipped with a Wheel Tug system. Such a built-in system would enable the main aircraft engines to be turned off when safe, and the WheelTug to power the aircraft to its departure position. Airport costs will vary depending on what type of infrastructure is needed to support push back tugs. If the infrastructure is in place, the costs related to policy development will be low. If the infrastructure is not in place, then the cost to the airport operator may be high. If the airport operator does not provide infrastructure to support this procedure, the airlines will absorb the implementation costs and there will be less direct cost to the airport operator and a high cost to the airlines. Funding may be available to assist with the implementation of electric tugs, such as the Federal Aviation Administration’s Voluntary Airport Low Emissions (VALE) Program. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,2;3,4;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Virgin Atlantic | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use an aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) training facility to conduct firefighting training exercises. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use propane fuel for the aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) training center simulation burners instead of conventional gasoline (use a mobile aircraft fire fighting training device (MAFTD)). | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct a noise modeling study. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Develop and implement a noise abatement plan. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Work with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to enable continuous descent arrivals to reduce emissions and noise. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use area navigation (RNAV) procedures to reduce noise on surrounding land uses. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a Noise Monitoring System (NMS). | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Produce a Fly Quiet Report which scores and awards airport operators. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Start a community noise roundtable to help respond to noise issues. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Track and respond to all noise complaints. | Airport noise is often a significant and contentious issue with neighboring communities. Addressing airport noise issues helps the airport maintain good community relations. Tracking aircraft noise complaints enables airport staff to understand the location of the noise complaint and the noise event with which the complaint is associated. With this information, airport staff may develop operational changes that could reduce or eliminate nuisance noise, where possible. Responding to noise complaints and employing mitigation measures can both improve the quality of life for surrounding neighbors and enhance community relations. Noise tracking efforts may include the installation of noise monitors, tracking and responding to noise complaints, analyzing historical noise data, and tracking aircraft flight routes. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,1;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,4 | San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California Minneapolis St. Paul International Airport (MSP), St. Paul, Minnesota | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Track noise complaints using a geographic information system (GIS) to better identify where noise problems are occurring surrounding the airport. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Develop and implement a residential sound insulation program for residential units located in areas exposed to substantial aircraft noise. | A Residential Sound Insulation Program (RISP) aims to reduce the noise impacts that aircraft have on surrounding communities. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has designated a day-night average annual daily sound level (DNL) of 65 decibels as the critical threshold/contour line for federally-funded soundproofing eligibility, in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulation Part 150. Homeowners in eligible communities can elect to participate in the RISP. The program employs a number of soundproofing measures including the replacement of windows and doors and the application of acoustical caulking and weather stripping. Homeowners that participate in the soundproofing program often see energy efficiency benefits as well. Benefits of the program include improved community relations, quality of life improvements for local residents, and energy savings. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,1;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,4 | Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Boston, Massachusetts Minneapolis St. Paul International Airport (MSP), St. Paul, Minnesota Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop and implement a school sound insulation program if any schools are located within areas exposed to substantial aircraft noise. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Maintain a community noise resource website. | Share information about airport operations and noise mitigation efforts. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Install acoustical silencers, barriers, and earthen berms. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Implement a Preferential Runway Use Policy to minimize noise exposure over sensitive land uses when possible. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Encourage airlines to limit the use of aircraft engine reverse thrust after landing (when runway length, pilot judgment, and weather/visibility considerations are optimal). | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Establish an aggressive land acquisition program to prevent noise-sensitive land use encroachment and preserve green spaces. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Work with local realtors to ensure accurate communication of noise levels to home buyers (e.g., real estate disclosures). | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Replace noisier vehicles and equipment with quieter units. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Install mufflers on vehicles and construction equipment. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Wrap exterior heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) duct work with sound deadening materials. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install a ground run-up enclosure. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Designate specific areas on the airfield for aircraft engine run-up operations (pre-flight and maintenance and pre-flight engine checks). | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Locate mechanical equipment and other sources of noise away from areas of occupancy. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Orient the building the building so that glazed surfaces are not directed toward noise. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install acoustical ceiling tiles, flooring and walls. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install double-pane windows. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use laminated glazing to reduce noise transmission. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Develop and implement an Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan. | An airport operator may develop and implement an integrated solid waste management plan to maximize source reduction, recycling, and composting and to minimize the amount of waste disposed of in a landfill or incinerator. Reducing landfill waste reduces the production of methane, a greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential 21 times greater than carbon dioxide. Reducing incinerator waste reduces carbon dioxide, a GHG, as well as other air pollutants. An integrated solid waste management plan outlines how airport operators may reduce, manage, and dispose of waste by taking institutional, social, financial, economic, technical, and environmental factors into consideration. A successful plan combines source reduction, recycling, composting, landfilling, incineration (with energy recovery), anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery. Integrated solid waste management plans are practical documents that may assist airport operators in developing waste management programs by identifying goals and objectives and establishing action plans. The plan may consider the broad range of solid wastes typically produced at airports, including waste removed from arriving flights and other wastes (i.e., non- flight wastes) produced at passenger terminals, offices, catering facilities and airport maintenance facilities. Strong coordination with tenants and waste haulers is recommended to optimize waste management procedures and policies. Integrated solid waste management plans typically describe the current waste generation, identify existing waste management practices and recycling efforts, and develop waste handling protocols. Planning should identify deficiencies of the current system and opportunities for improvement. In addition, the size of the airport, number of tenants, distance to disposal sites, infrastructure needs, and estimated growth rate may be considered to develop cost estimates for waste management activities. Cost estimates should include both capital costs as well as operation and maintenance costs for each option and identify potential cost savings associated with recycling. In addition, integrated solid waste management plans may identify related environmental management measures that include site management, land contamination, noise assessment, and air and water quality management. Integrated solid waste management plans typically include a section on record keeping and reporting and require periodic inspections to evaluate optimal dumpster capacity, approved contents, environmental compliance as well as to measure progress and identify opportunities for continued improvement. Integrated solid waste management plans may also include training and awareness aids for building managers and support staff in solid waste management. The cost of developing an integrated solid waste management plan varies depending on in-house capability, sophistication of the current waste management system, and the scale of the plan. Most airport operators retain consultants to analyze the current system including waste stream audits, investigate waste handling options, and write the plan. Depending on airport size and plan complexity, plan development may cost between $20,000 and $200,000 US. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington and Metropolitan Oakland International Airport (OAK), Oakland, California Portland International Airport (PDX), Portland, Oregon Chicago O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois Multiple Airports | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Start or enhance a waste reduction or recycling program that includes employees, passengers, and concessions. | An airport operator may decrease the amount of waste sent to a landfill or incinerator through a comprehensive waste reduction and recycling program. Reducing landfill waste reduces the production of methane, a greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential 21 times greater than carbon dioxide and other air pollutants. Waste reduction can be achieved by utilizing double-sided printers and copiers as well as electronic document management tools. An airport operator may also set a goal to reduce paper purchasing by a certain percentage every year and require special permission for departments that exceed the limit. Typical recyclable materials include aluminum, steel, plastic, paper, corrugated cardboard, and glass generated in airport buildings and on airplanes. Initially, airport operators may target materials that are easiest to collect and expand to collect additional waste materials, such as organic waste, wood, and electronics. Corrugated cardboard and aluminum are good initial materials with environmental and potential economic benefits. Existing programs may expand to include new areas of the airport to maximize the materials already collected (e.g., parking areas). Airport operators may consider amending existing contracts and requiring future contracts with vendors, airlines, and flight kitchens to participate in recycling programs. Successful programs typically identify types and sources of waste and assess current waste collection contracts in order to best develop and manage waste reduction and recycling collection plans. Airport operators may consider factors such as the number of passengers, size of airport, areas of airport that generate waste (airlines, offices, concessions), and how much waste is generated to tailor the size and scope of the program. The type of recycling collection system (multi-stream (separate) vs. single-stream (commingled)) may be determined by a thorough analysis of current waste generation and logistical feasibility. Coordination with tenants is strongly recommended for a successful recycling program. Education for tenants on recyclable materials and airport-specific recycling procedures can assist in making a recycling program a success. Promotion of recycling to airport users and easily accessible recycling areas can also enhance the recycling program. Education materials may describe the potential GHG emissions reduction benefits of recycling. The start-up costs of a recycling program vary depending on the current waste managing system and existing contracts with waste haulers. Recycling infrastructure (e.g., receptacles, staging bins, waste trucks) can be expensive and the costs of hauling recyclables separate from waste may impose significant additional costs. Education and marketing materials (e.g., signs, pamphlets) also impose annual costs that vary depending on the scale and magnitude of the program. Moderate payback can be retrieved from decreased disposal fees from diverting waste from a landfill, depending on disposal costs and availability of a local recycling market. The market for recyclables, however, may provide potential financial returns to airport operators depending on contractual agreements with haulers. Airport operators may conduct annual reviews of recycling costs, revenues, and market pricing to determine whether maximum feasible proceeds are obtained. In addition, savings can be realized through reduction in paper use. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,2;4,3;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), Los Angeles, California Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL), Fort Lauderdale, Florida San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Develop and implement a Green Concessions Policy. | Achieving a high waste diversion rate may not be possible without full participation by airport concessions. A Green Concessions Policy provides concessionaires with guidance and standards for minimizing waste, enhancing recycling, generating demand for eco-friendly products, and providing healthier foods for passengers and employees. For example, the Policy can include an airport ban of polystyrene foam (Styrofoam) and petroleum-based plastic containers and utensils and the procurement of green cleaning products. The Policy should have easy to follow standards and involve close communication with concessions. Continuous improvement will be necessary to help facilitate education. Implementation of a Green Concessions Policy can increase composting and recycling, reduce the volume of waste hauled off-airport to area landfills (and associated hauling and disposal costs), and provide subsequent air quality benefits through reduced truck-trips for waste haulers. Water quality and health benefits can be achieved from the purchase of organic products and increased use of non-toxic cleaning materials. Social benefits include increased demand for eco-friendly produces and increased donation of surplus food, in accordance with federal guidelines. | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,3;7,3;8,4;9,4 | O’Hare (ORD) and Midway (MDW) International Airports, Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Provide educational training on waste reduction. | Include educational training on waste reduction for the project team as part of the initial sustainability project planning meeting. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,2;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Participate in a "waste-to-profit" network to identify by-product synergy and material reuse opportunities. | The city or state network may (or could) include participants from area companies, institutions, and city or state departments (see www.wastetoprofit.com/). | Energy & Climate | Economic Performance | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide food waste collection bins to separate food waste from normal waste. | A large portion of solid waste collected at an airport consists of food waste, which could be composted. If it is separated, much of the food waste generated at an airport can be diverted from the waste stream, and thus the landfill or incinerator. Reducing landfill and incinerator waste reduces carbon dioxide and the production of methane, a greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential 21 times greater than carbon dioxide. Airport operations may work with vendors and food concessionaires to set up food waste collection and separation programs. Concessionaires may be trained to collect food waste generated during meal preparation (trimmings, coffee grounds), plate scrapings, and recyclable papers (paper towels, milk cartons). The airport operator may need to provide the infrastructure necessary for collection and disposal. The airport operator may also have to contract with a compost disposal company and manage the logistics associated with the composting program. Note, on-airport composting, unless completely in-vessel or indoors, is not permitted per Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular 150/5200-33C, Hazardous Wildlife Attractants on or Near Airports. States may regulate whether food waste can or cannot be including in composting (see www.envcap.org/statetools/sw/index.html). An airport operator may work with airlines in an effort to promote separation of food waste on-board non-international flights. There are also non-composting options for food waste such as donating unopened food to local food banks and disposing food waste at a wastewater treatment plant's anaerobic sludge digester. Airport operators may also collect fryer greases and oils from terminal restaurants and sell them to biodiesel distributors. Prior to implementing a food waste collection program, the airport must ensure the availability of a nearby facility willing to accept compost waste. The start-up costs of a food waste collection program vary depending on the existing waste managing system. Ongoing costs include staff to sort food waste out of the airport waste stream, waste bins/carts for food concessionaires to collect waste, and storage bins. Training courses and materials for staff also impose annual costs that vary depending on the scale and magnitude of the program. | Energy & Climate | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,1;3,3;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,3 | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA), Seattle, Washington San Francisco International Airport (SFO), San Francisco, California | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Utilize food waste for composting (off-airport only), biofuels, livestock feed, waste to energy, and other uses. | Food and organic waste comprises a large percentage of the overall waste stream and amounts to extraordinary volumes of waste, and managing organic waste presents challenges for airports. Airports are increasingly seeking solutions to managing organic waste through composting programs, which typically are managed offsite by waste haulers or other providers. Given that a large percentage of airport organic waste is generated by concessionaires, composting programs require substantial coordination and likely involve policy measures that encourage or require participation in collection of organic waste by concessionaires. Composting programs typically involve either or both “back of house” and “front of house” waste streams; back of house programs are focused on collecting pre-consumer food waste generated in the food preparation process (or in the case of sit-down food services, may also involve post-consumer food waste that is collected by a server). Front of house programs are passenger-facing and require the customer to sort their waste upon disposal. In both cases, infrastructure, signage and training are essential to reducing contamination of non-organic materials in the organic waste stream. Programs that eliminate the degree to which non-organic food packaging may be sold at airports can reduce contamination, but typically must meet standards set by the composting facility. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Engagement & Leadership | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | Military | 1,2;2,1;4,1;5,3;6,3;7,2;8,4;9,4 | Vancouver International Airport (YVR), Vancouver, Canada | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Donate surplus food to charity. | In the United States, 31 percent—or 133 billion pounds—of the 430 billion pounds of the available food supply at the retail and consumer levels in 2010 went uneaten. The estimated value of this food loss was $161.6 billion using retail prices. (Source: US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, 2014). In the meantime, one in seven Americans relied on food banks and/or meal services to feed themselves and their families in 2014, according to the Hunger in America study series, the nation’s largest and most comprehensive study on charitable food distribution in the United States. Within the airport context, food and organic waste comprises a large percentage of the overall waste stream and amounts to extraordinary volumes of waste (according to Vancouver International Airport, 68% of its waste stream is organic), and managing organic waste presents challenges for airports. Donation of unopened prepared foods is environmentally preferable to composting, and it also addresses a major social need. Airport concessionaires are central to recovering surplus food, whether through composting programs or for donation to charitable causes. Many concessionaires have steered away from food donation because of liability concerns related to the consumption of expiring products and other food safety issues. However, the Federal Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act protects food donors against liability, excepting only gross negligence and/or intentional misconduct. With this protection, it has become easier for concessionaires to participate in donation programs. Airports can encourage surplus food donation programs by adopting green concessions policies or other initiatives. | Economic Performance | Water & Waste | Energy & Climate | Engagement & Leadership | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,4;9,4 | HMS Host (multiple locations) | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Establish mandates, incentives, and/or inspections to encourage tenants to support composting programs. | Economic Performance | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Design waste management to comply with ASTM E2129-05 and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Green Purchasing Guidelines. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Conduct a waste composition study (an audit of waste streams) to identify the most common types and amount of waste collected. | A waste audit is a structured process used to quantify the amount and types of waste being generated by an airport. Information from waste audits will help identify current waste practices and how they can be improved. They can be done on any type of waste such as paper and office waste, municipal waste, commercial and industrial waste, construction and demolition waste etc. There are a number of different ways to conduct a waste audit, such as visual waste audits, waste characterization, desktop audits and others. Conduct a waste audit to understand the composition and quantities of waste being generated; to measure effectiveness of existing waste management systems; to identify opportunities for improving waste management systems and strategies; and to collect baseline data for measuring the effectiveness of waste minimization strategies. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,3;3,2;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,4;9,3 | Denver International Airport (DEN), Denver, Colorado | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Work with tenants and contractors to provide recycling data and to establish monitoring and reporting techniques. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install Insulating Concrete Forms (ICFs) to decrease waste, optimize energy performance, and reduce impacts from construction. | Insulating concrete forms (ICFs) result in cast-in-place concrete walls that are sandwiched between two layers of insulation material. These systems are strong and energy efficient. Common applications for this method of construction are low-rise buildings, with property uses ranging from residential to commercial to industrial. Traditional finishes are applied to interior and exterior faces, so the buildings look similar to typical construction, although the walls are usually thicker. | Energy & Climate | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,1;2,4;3,2;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Develop an inventory list of space allocation, infrastructure and equipment needed to facilitate waste reduction and recycling. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Require concessionaires to minimize packaging. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require vendors to eliminate plastic from their service items and packaging. | Establish a goal to reduce all packaging (for example, reduce packaging usage by 50 percent within 12 months). | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Set up annual or bi-annual clean-up events to collect bulky, non-hazardous items from tenants, airlines, and airport employees for recycling, donation, or disposal. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require airport businesses to use fabric/reusable bags, biodegradable bags, and/or paper bags instead of plastic bags. | Design & Materials | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle used restaurant grease to manufacture biofuel. | Energy & Climate | Ground Transportation | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle coffee grounds as mulch. | Used coffee grounds can be used as mulch or composted to enhance soil and plant health. Coffee grounds have also been found to be an effective insect deterrent. Recycling grounds reduces waste sent to landfills and enhances soil without the use of synthetic fertilizers. Grounds can also be available for airport employees to use in their home gardens. Composting grounds, or utilizing them as mulch, is an opportunity for airports to remove organics from the waste stream. An airport would need to coordinate closely with coffee shops throughout the terminals to successfully implement this practice. Collecting and using coffee grounds as mulch could be incorporated into the existing airport landscaping guidelines/practices. | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,3;5,2;6,3;7,2;8,3;9,2 | Nashville International Airport (BNA), Nashville, Tennessee Chicago O’Hare International Airport (ORD), Chicago, Illinois Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT), Charlotte, North Carolina Savannah Hilton Head International Airport (SAV), Savannah, Georgia | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Use recycled coffee grounds, flour, chili powder, cinnamon, peppermint, and/or black pepper for ant control. | Design & Materials | Water & Waste | Natural Resources | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize worm boxes in kitchens to reduce leftover food waste. | Add coffee grounds to increase the efficiency of the worms. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,1;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use reusable coffee/tea mugs, glasses, and water bottles. | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use biodegradable plates and cutlery. | Design & Materials | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install automatic hand towel dispensers in restrooms. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Install efficient next-generation hand dryers instead of conventional dryers or paper towels. | Energy & Climate | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Change soap dispensers to units that dispense soap foam instead of liquid soap. | The soap foam reduces the amount of product being dispensed. Foaming soap also lathers faster and rinses more easily. Foam soap is pre-lathered so you do not have to run water to lather up. Using foam soap reduces the amount of water used per wash. According to http://your.kingcounty.gov/solidwaste/greenschools/documents/soap_dispenser_case-study.pdf Foam soap costs $.004 US per wash compared to $.01 - $.014 per wash of liquid soap. Foam soap bags last 1,333 washes compared to 750 washes per liquid soap bag. This is due to the pre-lathered foam soap reducing the number of squirts needed per wash. Foam soap dispensers provide soap from the top, thus reducing gravity leaks. Less leaking means less countertop cleaning for staff, saving time and money. Switching from liquid to foam soap reduces waste generation, water use, staff time and budget When using foam soap, people use 16 percent less water than when using liquid soap (www.debgroup.com/us/about-us/press-media/2012/washroom-solution-saves-water-time-and-money). | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Implement a toilet paper roll repurposing (re-rolling) program. | Opened, unused toilet paper is often thrown away so that full rolls can be installed to prevent running out of the toilet paper supply prior to the next scheduled cleaning period. The re-rolled toilet paper can be reused at the airport or sent to local homeless shelters. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,2;3,4;4,3;5,3;6,4;7,3;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Switch from normal toilet paper rolls to coreless (no cardboard core) toilet paper rolls. | The extra space allows for more toilet paper to be held on a single roll, reducing cleaning costs and reducing waste. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,1;6,3;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Replace conventional vehicle motor oil filters with reusable oil filters. | Reusable filters are comparable in quality to traditional oil filters and may last the life of the vehicle. They contain a removable wire cloth filter that can be cleaned when the oil is changed. The cost of a reusable filter ranges from $65 to $130 for cars and small trucks and from $120 to $300 for large trucks. However, cost savings are achieved since conventional oil filters do not have to be purchased or disposed. The payback period ranges from one to two years, depending on fleet size and the frequency of oil changes. The oil filter inventory can also be downsized. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,3;6,2;7,2;8,3;9,1 | New York City Department of Sanitation Bureau of Waste Prevention, Reuse and Recycling, New York City, New York | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Install bypass motor oil filters. | See: www.dtsc.ca.gov/PollutionPrevention/upload/bypass-oil-filters-fact-sheet.pdf A by-pass oil filter is an added system designed to be used with a full flow oil filter to remove more and finer contaminant particles, such as dirt and metals, than the full flow filter alone. It consists of an outer casing and mounting bracket, a dense inner filter media, such as cotton, and a flow rate regulator. Some by-pass filters also include a heating element and time released additives. By-pass filters are available in various sizes for use in all kinds of vehicles from a passenger car to large trucks and other equipment. Lubricating oil is made from a limited natural resource and used oil is by far one of the largest hazardous waste streams generated. A fleet maintenance facility can generate thousands of gallons of used oil each year from routine engine maintenance. You can reduce the amount of used oil you generate by using by-pass oil filtration systems to extend oil life in your fleet vehicles. The by-pass filtration system allows you to reduce purchase and disposal costs of oil while still maintaining optimal operating conditions. | Water & Waste | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,2;2,2;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Reuse or donate existing furniture. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Minimize the use of printed materials. | Airports are major users of paper products given the variety of printed materials generated as part of daily operations. Efforts to reduce the amount of paper material generated each day will in turn reduce the amount of waste generated on-site. Strategies which allow for electronic boarding passes, screenings, receipts, etc. should be explored in detail to reduce both the raw resources consumed and the waste generated in daily printing operations. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Integrate information technology (IT) systems to maximize teamwork, transparency and information sharing, including: web directories and links; web based document sharing; web based procurement proces | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Require electronic submittals. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Use electronic pay statements and accounting forms. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Designate a majority of printers as general purpose to be loaded with 20 pound or 22 pound weight paper with only one or two printers to be loaded with higher quality paper. | Airports are major users of paper products given the variety of printed materials generated as part of daily operations. Efforts to reduce the amount of paper material generated each day will in turn reduce the amount of waste generated on-site. Lower-weight paper often has a higher potential of both inherent recycled content and overall recyclability. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Use water pitchers rather than individual plastic bottles during meetings. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Track printing to identify errors so that print jobs are not duplicated. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Inscribe "printed on recycled paper" on the footers of applicable documents. | Airports are major users of paper products given the variety of printed materials generated as part of daily operations. Efforts to reduce the amount of paper material generated each day will in turn reduce the amount of waste generated on-site. Utilizing recycled paper will help to reduce the raw resources consumed as part of daily operations. Highlighting this use can also help to improve the sustainable image and visibility of the facility. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,2 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| State ""please consider the environment before printing this email"" on the footer of all e-mails (and write a similar message on other electronic documents). | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Only purchase copiers or printers that offer double-sided printing options. Set all print drivers to default to double-sided printing. | Airports are major users of paper products given the variety of printed materials generated as part of daily operations. Efforts to reduce the amount of paper material generated each day will in turn reduce the amount of waste generated on-site. Double-sided printers will reduce the amount of raw material consumed on-site. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Recycle used computer systems. Donate or schedule and implement an auction of used computer systems. | Engagement & Leadership | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Contract an electronics reseller service provider to earn revenue for retired computers, monitors, and printers. | As equipment ages and is replaced, it is important that opportunities for reuse and salvage are explored for all obsolete equipment. Electronic resellers can salvage computers, monitors, and printers to potentially recycle materials. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Print documents in "draft mode" to reduce the use of printer ink. | Airports are major users of paper products given the variety of printed materials generated as part of daily operations. Efforts to reduce the amount of paper material generated each day will in turn reduce the amount of waste generated on-site. Draft-mode will reduce the amount of raw material consumed on-site. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Place recycling bins for printer/copier cartridges and for batteries in offices and terminals. | As equipment ages and is replaced, it is important that opportunities for reuse and salvage are explored for all obsolete equipment. Ink cartridges and batteries comprise a large portion of landfilled materials that can be reclaimed. By diverting these materials for reuse/recycling, this reused waste can help reduce the amount of raw materials consumed annually. | Human Well-Being | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Implement ""Paper-Free Fridays,"" a ""Think Before You Print"" campaign, and/or similar campaigns to reduce paper and/or materials consumption. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize conference calls and web-based conferences when possible to reduce printed materials and to reduce emissions from transportation. | Example programs: NetMeetings, LiveMeetings, GoToMeetings, Webinars, and others. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,4;2,4;3,4;4,4;5,4;6,4;7,3;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Work with waste haulers to negotiate contracts that allow for reduction in waste hauls and increases in recycling hauls in order to leverage cost savings potential that may arise from recycling progra | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||||
| Establish a document management system so that project files can be submitted and archived electronically. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle aluminum, glass, plastics, paper, newspapers, magazines, phone books, and corrugated cardboard. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle gas filters, waste gasoline, motor oil, anti-freeze, scrap metal, tires, electrical wiring, electronics, grease and sludge, hazardous materials and spent solvents, pallets, and wood. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle batteries, light bulbs, toner cartridges, and electronics. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Increase the number of clearly marked, distinct recycling containers available. | Designate easily accessible areas for recyclable collection and storage that are appropriately sized and located in a convenient area. | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,2;4,2;5,3;6,4;7,2;8,3;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | |||||
| Provide liquid disposal stations at security checkpoints. | Liquid collection stations are placed at pre-security near checkpoint line entrances. This makes it fast and easy for passengers to empty their reusable containers and take them through security. The upfront reminder to empty liquids helps minimize delays and hassles that are caused by passengers carrying liquids in containers over 3-ounces. Significant amounts of liquids, including beverages, have been collected at airport security checkpoints across the nation since restrictions have been implemented on liquids. Passengers can refill their containers post security checkpoints at water refilling stations. The liquid collection stations minimize landfill bound waste and provide a reduction in the weight of liquids to the waste stream and reduced disposal costs. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,2;8,4;9,2 | Portland International Airport (PDX), Portland, Oregon | 01-Mar-2015 | |||
| Install bottle refill stations, especially after security checkpoints so that passengers can refill their beverage containers after dumping out liquids to pass through security. | Airport water bottle emptying and refilling stations make it easy for travelers to use their reusable water bottles and skip buying bottled water at an airport. After emptying their bottles, passengers carry their empty containers through security. Although, after making it through the security checkpoint it can be difficult to find a public drinking fountain to refill a water bottle, especially in an unfamiliar airport. Additionally, filling a water bottle from a drinking fountain is not an easy task. Installing refilling stations near security checkpoints makes it more convenient for travelers. The main reason airports are installing water bottle emptying and refilling stations is to encourage people to bring and use reusable water bottles and thereby reduce plastic bottle waste. | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,4;3,3;4,3;5,3;6,2;7,2;8,4;9,2 | O’Hare (ORD) and Midway (MDW) International Airports, Chicago, Illinois | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Use on-site trash compactors instead of roll-offs to reduce the trips needed to remove municipal solid waste. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Require airlines and cleaning companies to have onboard recycling programs. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Install an airside recycling center to collect and recycle deplaned waste from arriving aircraft. | Engagement & Leadership | Water & Waste | Scheduled Passenger Service | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide waste oil containers to pilots (particularly general aviation pilots) for the collection of waste engine oil. | These containers can be collected by an outside contractor for reuse on various construction projects. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,2;4,4;5,2;6,2;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Provide general aviation tenants with sump fuel disposal containers. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle hot-drained or crushed non-terne plated used oil filters. | The filters can be crushed using a commercial filter crusher. All free-flowing oil is removed and collected during the crushing process. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 1,3;2,3;3,1;4,4;5,1;6,1;7,2;8,2;9,1 | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||
| Recycle all used oil cans as scrap metal. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Recycle aircraft tires, turbine oil, hydraulic fluid, engine oil, carpet, glass and metal from light bulbs, and batteries. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Collect used oil for heating purposes in approved burners. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Utilize cardboard balers, aluminum can crushers, recycling chutes, and other technologies to enhance recycling activities. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Provide cardboard compactors to assist concessionaires with recycling. | Energy & Climate | Scheduled Passenger Service | General Aviation | Cargo | Primarily Hot | Primarily Cold | Mixed Hot and Cold | 01-Mar-2015 | ||||||
| Strategically locate recycling receptacles and place signs directly adjacent that clearly identifies what can and cannot be recycled. |